| With the rapid development of urbanization in China, the study about urban system is gradually improving. As one of the strongest provinces in economy, the study about Shandong is increasing. However, the study about urban function which is one aspect of the urban system is lacked, particularly about each province. Combined the methods of qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, basic status, forming problems were studied, and the measures of adjust and optimization were put forward to make the strategy of Shandong cities, from the angle of geography.Different cities have different combination of social political, economic, and cultural function under the effect of different developing history, natural environment and position. As we all know, each city has his respective function. In a certain urban system, each city's function reflects not only the position and the role in the field of politics, economy and culture, but also consists a synthetic entirety with a certain characteristic by the organic combination of each urban function.The classification of urban function is divided cities into different types in a certain region or nation area, according to each city's role in the aspects of economy, politics and culture.How to construct urban functional structure of Shandong Province in the 21st century, and play the role of city completely in modernization is an urgent task. The intent of this paper is to adjust and optimize scientifically the functional structure classification of Shandong urban system by quantitative analysis on the basis of the current situation of the urban functional structure. Eventually, to establish the frame of urban functional structuresystem and to put forward the measures of adjust and optimization in order to solve the existed problems.The paper is divided into four chapters. In the first section, the author introduces the current study about the urban functional structure in detail. And introduces the research background and current situation about urban function structure at home and abroad. Several representative classification methods are put forth in this paper. With the deepening of understanding to city, the improvement of various statistical data, the progress of analytical method and the application of computer, the classification of urban function is undergoing a change from qualitative description to quantitative analysis. Afterward, the method of quantitative analysis experiences the changes from applying one index to many indexes and variables.In the second section of this paper, the author analyses the forming mechanism of the urban function structure from the independent native power x regenerate motive force and extrinsic braking force three angles. The forming and development of urban functional structure is subjected to not only the intrinsic foundation but also the restraint from outer space. The outer space of urban development is a combination of interrelated factors which exist the out of urban development, including natural, social, economical factors and so on. Three forces are referred in this paper. Firstly, independent native force refers to the force which affects the forming of urban functional structure constantly and indispensably. Natural force is analyzed in this part. Secondly, regenerate motive force refers to the force which is post-naturally formed and strongly alterative. Such as the technology, the population and force, and so on. Thirdly, the extrinsic braking force is the artificial force which promotes or restricts the optimization of urban functional structure , including political system, economical system, policy of urban development and so on. The third section of this paper is the key part. The author applies many methods ofIVclassification from the point of area-hierarchy cities and town - hierarchy cities individually, and obtains the classification about urban functional structure. Afterward, he author analysis the characteristic of various types in detail. Three methods of classification are intr...
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