The Comparison And Analysis Of The Orientation Of The Educational Purposes Between China And America-Perspectives And Their Integration Of The Individual Educational Aims, Family Educational Purposes And The National Goals

From the past to the present, according to different main body, the educational aims had varied. Individuals, families and states had established different aims according to different needs. During different periods, the above aims had varied in different countries. The relationship of the three had also developed between China and the USA, and it had showed different orientations.Briefly viewed from history, in China, the relationship of the three was the aims chain as "self-cultivation, regulating the family, governing the state, and making the whole kingdom peaceful and happy"; In America, different period, it had been stressed differently. Educational goals had been developed from the single private character to the joint character shared by individuals, families, and the states. Above all, it had been mainly stressed on the individuals, and had been emphasized that all of the children should be regarded as the purpose.Viewed the relationship between students' individual purposes and the national goals from the present, on one hand, the former stressed a little on our country; On the other hand, the later neglected students' individual characters. In America, people respect the students' wishes excessively. On the aspect of the relationship of the parents' intentions and students' learning purposes, both of the parents of the two countries take great care for their children. The difference is that, American people emphasizes on the cultivation of their children's ability, they respect their children's intentions, and encourage them to make their own choices. But the Chinese parents show great stress on the intellectual education, andpositively design the future happiness for their children. On the aspect of the relationship of the family educational aims and the national ones, obviously, there are different educational aims in American parents' mind, the nation respect the parents' willingness, both of the two are quite similar; But in China, "passing the entrance examination" is the main form of the parents' educational purposes, which is different from the national educational goals.There are many reasons of the above differences, as not only concern politics, economy, science, technology, cultural traditions and educational systems, but also include the factors of the three themselves (individual purposes, family aims and national goals). The content of these factors is different, and it is also emphasized on different aspect, so the differences of the three aims between the two countries are quite big.In order to borrow the helpful experience from America, and seek for the proper way to integrate the above three aims, we have to find their differences. The main way is to have the individual aims, family purposes and the national goals integrated so that their separation can be avoided. Particularly speaking, that is, embodying the national goals, making them more humanism; have the students and their parents cooperate to form the democratic and equal relationship with each other, and get the students' learning purposes, the families' aims and the national goals harmonious. The necessity of its realization comes from the reality of the feebleness of the educational function because of the separation of the three aims. While the possibility of its realization is from the fact that its realization can benefit the exertion of the educational function.To integrate the above three aims, in this research, the author had borrowed some available measure, and had put forward some politic suggestions for the pursuers to have a further research.