Study On Social Adaptation Process Of Female Labor Migrants In Shanghai

Since 1980's, more and more female labor migrants from rural China entered into the(?)etropolis of Shanghai, which became the main characteristics of outsiders in Sha(?)ghai.Iere, female labor migrants are those from rural China. Female, labor and migrant compose their special status. As migrants, they, as same as all the migrants from rural areas of China, are not benefit from the source and opportunities of the city system which the citizens of Shanghai own; As labors, totally different from those labors who have the household registration of city, they are the labor shoulders of down-class of society and are becoming a symbol of hierarchical labor rank; As women, many of their problems are influenced by a distant source and a long stream of patriarchism.The analysis of article is based mainly on the method of qualitative research according to the review of feminism methods and the purpose of the research. The research of feminism in this article benefits a lot from this method because it tries to know their experience and to understand their thread of thought from the standard of the female labor migrants.Since the adaptation to the new environment of migrants is related to motives of migration, therefore, first, the article describes the personal experience and migration motives of female labor migrants. It argued that, with the pace of opening and reform revolution and the development of economy in China since 1980s, the motives of migration of these females are characteristics of diversity. The reason of economy is not enough to explain these women's motives of migration and the reason of social gender plays a more and more important role in migration.Then according to the definition of the process of social adaptation, the social adaptation of female labor migrants is operated into a certain context of culture and certain social sites. In more concrete, the article tried to find the specialty of social adaptation process of female migrants in the city of Shanghai from the aspects of the relation of family and community, the accomplishment of occupation and economy and the difference of culture under the perspective of feminism.By above analysis, the main conclusions of this article are following:First, the adaptation of female labor migrants is just a living adaptation under a lower expectation. Female labor migrants have anticipated the higher income and better quality of life by comparing with that of the origin. At the mean while, they alsohave clear mind in the limitation of rural household registration and segregation of occupation in the city of Shanghai. This double anticipation leads them to a low expected living adaptation in the new employment environment of city.Secondly, the process of female migrants is not a progress from economical, social to psychological adaptation but a more complicated one. As females, the characters of psychology and occupation made them easier and much more access to the urban population and urban life-style. It seems that they easily blend with the city. In addition, "self-constructed" cultural identity results in their psychological tendency of settlement in city. While the reality is that most of them are not the real citizen now and even couldn't come true in future. They are just the "parasitical residents" of city with the settlement desire and tendency.Thirdly, it is found that the female labor migrants actively adapt to the urban society but they are structurally disadvantaged and marginalized as a result of the system of social gender, as well as the poor economical background and the household registration system of China.