Research On The Effects Of Analogy Reasoning On Chemistry Problem Solving Of Senior High School Students

In this paper, analogism is a mode in which people find the enantio-relation and finish exercises through analogizing. It is not a necessary reasoning which conjectures their similarities from two or more objects' properties. Analogism is based on some external base and is widely used as logistic thinking modes, thinking methods and cognitive skills. Although there are several categorizations of analogism in logic, but in our study we classify it as enantio-analogism and unenantio-analogism for its errant properties.Although analogism has been researched a lot by psychologists, it was seldom related to science education. As we all know, many great ideas in the history of chemistry science were conceived by analogy, which brought hypothesis, creation, inspiration and savvy. In chemical teaching, analogism can help students open their minds, remember and understand concepts more easily bymaking abstract information concrete. Owing to the close relation between analogism and chemistry teaching, it is very important to develop the study of analogism's application in chemical education.This paper studied reasoning process, reasoning differences and influencing factors on problem solving through analogism of senior high school students. Tests about reasoning process of different types of problems were designed, by which it was concluded that students had different process while solving different types of analogy problems. But they had the same key reasoning stages, which is problem token and association of ideas. However, they all had the ability to do the property mapping.In the study of the reasoning diversity, we find that most of all the senior high school students can solve simple reasoning problems by analogism without distinct diversity. If the reasoning problems are very complex, high-achieving student can make better performance on problem analyzed and problem token. However, there are no distinct diversity when students solve the unenantio reasoning problems.There are many influencing factors on solving problems by analogism. We mainly had research on some important factors, such as key words, suggestive sentences, intelligence levels, orders of information organization and so on. These factors have no significant influence on unenantio-relation problem solving but on enantio-relation problem solving,In a word, we studied the psychology mechanism of analogism, diversities in students' problem solving, and the factors that affect students' problem solving by analogism. However we have not proposed a reasonable mode in which students can do better in chemistry by analogism and develop their ability of problem solving.