Study On Academic Failure From The Perspective Of Multi-Intelligences Theory

The academic failure is a universal and outstanding problem in the modern education. "Fighting against the academic failure" is regarded as " an urgent necessity" of the 21th century education in a report submitted by the international education committee of 21 century to UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization). Academic failure is an issue to which much attention has been paid by scholars in many fields such as Physiology, Sociology, Psychology, Pedagogy. Since the 1930s, scholars of some countries have conducted much research and exploration on it in their own scope.Academic failure is a kind of negative value judgment of the fact that the anticipated education goals for students in a certain education phase are not obtained. In terms of its manifestations, it can be divided into two types: static academic failure, namely, academic failure as a result and dynamic academic failure, namely, academic failure as a process. Academic failure is caused by, among other things, institution, individual and environment factor and the like.In 1983, American educational psychologist Howard Gardner put forward a new intelligence theory—Multiple Intelligences. He pointed out that every person was a special combination of sorts of intelligences, and every human possessed over eight and a half intelligences in his theory. Multiple Intelligences emphasize the development of potential and individual differences. Its birth arouses strong reverberation in educational circle and poses a challenge to traditional education and instruction principles. The viewpoints it formed on pedagogy, instruction, student and evaluation match the spirits of Post-modern Ages which focuses on differences and varieties. It provides a new insight in surveying the issues of academic failure.The principles of Multiple Intelligences tell us that education starts with individual differences and academic failure is not destined. According to the principles of Multiple Intelligences, instruction process is how teachers make students intelligent on some aspects and how to make it possible that students are free from academic failure. The Multiple Intelligence theory allows the relationship between teachers and students to be more and more a " I-you" relationship. Students who suffer from academic failure are no longer neglected peripheral community. From the perspectives of Multiple Intelligence theory, characteristic evaluation means that academic failure will fade out of human's sight, and the possibilities of success will be returned to the students who suffer from academic failure.