Study On The Change Of The Administrative Pattern Of The International Olympic Committee

The research of the Olympics has become the central researchissue as China has won the host right of the 2008 Olympic Games.Therefore, it is particular important to take the leader of theOlympic Movement, the International Olympic Committee (IOC),as the research subject. The thesis, by means of the researchmethods of literatures and logic analysis, based on thedeveloping history of the IOC and the Olympic Movement, thetheory of management, organization behavior and sociology,explores the reform of Killanin and Samaranch in the 1970s. Theconclusions are as follows:The reform of Killanin and Samaranch, the inevitability ofhistory, is the most comprehensive and deepest reform of theIOC's management pattern. The essence of the reform ischanging the bureaucratic and closed administrative pattern thatthe IOC has adopted since its foundation. The IOC has substitutethe expert management, democracy management and sectionmanagement for the power centralization management, meaningthe tendency of democracy and science of the management of theIOC.Before the reform of Killanin and Samaranch, the IOC adoptedthe bureaucratic administrative pattern to manage the OlympicMovement. The IOC strictly and scrupulously abides by theamateurism, refusing any kind of professionism andcommercialism; adopted the way of self-recruitment to choose itsmembers; employed the self management and closed management. This administrative pattern ensured the IOC independence anddevelopment at the starting period. However, as the eradeveloping and international environment changing, thisadministrative pattern caused serious crisis for the IOC andOlympic Movement. On politics, the IOC fell as the tool for thepoliticians to scramble for power and profit. On economics, theIOC has faced more and more serious economic crisis in the1960s and 1970s. On organization relation, the IOC hasconfronted contradiction and clash with the InternationalFederations and the National Olympic Committees. Besides, theIOC has encountered the moral crisis.Facing these crises, the IOC, under the leadership of Killaninand Samaranch, began its arduous reform. Adopting thedemocratic administrative pattern and enrolling more experts inall kinds of fields into the IOC management, the IOC hasgradually cast off the closed and conservative condition, towardsthe tendency of openness. Based on the internal and externalcauses, this reform, on the one side, consolidates the leadershipof the IOC in the Olympic Movement and enlarges itsinternational influence; on the other side, extends the influenceof the Olympic Movement in the world.The reform of Killanin and Samaranch has ensured the change ofthe aristocratic administrating pattern in the pre-industrial era tothe scientific and democratic administrative pattern in theindustrial era. However, with the solution of the old problemsand the development of the modern society and modern sports,there arises some new problems such as the inadequate opennessand democracy in the administration; inefficiency in the supervision system; unreasonable member composition;weakness in the combat against stimulant, etc. Therefore, thereform of the IOC will continue with a stronger strength and awider range. The IOC will surely encounter many new anddifficult problems in the new century. Though taking themeasures of enlarging the composition of its members andopenness of the organization, enrolling the athletes into thepolicy-making body, and adding more departments and so on, theIOC will face more crises such as the moral crisis, super-largescale, widespread of the stimulant, etc.