Research On Attention Characteristics Of Rhythmic Gymnastics Group Player

Attention, one of the important psychological factors for an athlete, has effects on learning process and sports results in various ways. Therefore, it helps to improve scientific teaching level and training level if we get to know the effects of attention on athletes'sports results and get control of how to make use of or reduce the effects for athletes during competitions.The event of group in rhythmic gymnastics, consisting of 5 gymnasts, is a skill-dominated event that represents difficulty and beauty. It has a high request on whole relevance in an exercise which is full of complicated skills. During a competition, the gymnasts change lines, exchange apparatus and cooperate with each other. Due to the characteristics of the sport of rhythmic gymnastics and the limits of rules, attention is not only an important factor for a gymnast to master the sport skills, but also an important psychological guarantee for a gymnast to achieve excellent results. Marterns (1987), a sport psychologist, regards attention as one kind of psychological skills and requests athletes to master and improve the skills by training. His standpoint also proves the important effects of attention in competitions.In this thesis, I make a contrasting study on the quality of attention among 47 senior and junior gymnasts who rank the top 5 in group in the 2007 National Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships in Shenyang and 25 ordinary female students, by way of literature material law, expert interview law, logical analytic method, questionnaire survey law and mathematical statistic law, and open out the difference of attention quality between group gymnasts and ordinary students, find out the attention characteristics of group gymnasts, and provide theoretical basic gist for training and gymnast-selecting in rhythmic gymnastics.The studies debunks: 1. The capability of attention extent, attention concentration and stability, and attention distraction of a rhythmic gymnast is much better than that of an ordinary student. The capability of attention concentration and stability of an excellent gymnast is better than that of an ordinary gymnast. There is no difference on the capability of attention distraction, attention extent and attention distribution index between an excellent gymnast and an ordinary gymnast. 2. The age of a gymnast is in distinct positive correlation with her capability of attention contribution and attention stability and in distinct negative correlation with her capability of attention distraction, but it has no obvious linearity correlation with her capability of attention extent. 3. The training time of a gymnast is in distinct positive correlation with her capability of attention contribution and attention stability and in distinct negative correlation with her capability of attention distraction. 4. The capability of attention concentration and stability and attention distribution is an effective index for both gymnast-selecting and psychological training for the event of group in rhythmic gymnastics. The capability of attention extent and attention distraction is an effective index for gymnast-selecting for the event of group in rhythmic gymnastics.