| Cicer arietinum L, belongs to the Leguminosae.Cicer Linn, known as " tao dou,ji dou and so on". Hot,it has the effect of invigorating Body and Strengthening Yang, diuresis, analgesic, expelling wind and stopping itching, deterging,hair glowing and blacking, used to phlegmatic or wet cold disease,such as body deficiency impotence, gonorrhea unhealed, Dysuria and urine retention, Pruritus, early white hair, shedding and so on. It is mainly distributed in China, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Shanxi, Shanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Hebei, Shandong and other places. Chickpeas medicinal has a long history in our country, it mainly contains isofiavones, saponins, alkaloids, amino acids, fatty acids and polysaccharide compounds. Modem pharmacological studies have shown that Cicer arietinum L, extract especially isofiavones, saponins can lowering blood sugar, Depressing blood-fat, lowering cholesterol, Anti-Agin, resisting oxidation, anti-neoplasm, Deworming and other pharmacological activityOur previous study found that Chickpea have significant hypoglycemic effect, can improve insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes model of spontaneously KKAy mice eating into the water, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin tolerance test, and the four lipid triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipid protein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and visceral body kidney index ratio, than to have different effects on the liver body, and research the effects of ethyl acetate extracts of chickpea for KKAy mouse muscle tissue PPAR a and PPAR y2 expression of genes, but hypoglycemic mechanism of chickpeas ethyl acetate extracts is not clear, it may be related to the relevant regulator PPAR signaling pathway, and in particular the potential basis unclear. For the above reasons, in this paper, we want to seek active monomer compounds by extraction and separation and structural identification of the chickpea and do the experiment in vitro cell activity for effective components of reported isoflavone compounds and monomer compounds’ Structural modifications, Provide studies on potential basis of chickpeas and the basis for the development of hypoglycemic drugs.Firstly, large number of documents on chickpeas chemical constituents, pharmacological effects before doing reviewed. In experiments, After the crushing of raw herbs Chickpea we are doing percolation extraction by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, different concentrations of ethanol, ultrasonic extraction by water. By the D101 macroporous resin, washed with water, 30% ethanol,70% ethanol,95% ethanol to give different elution fraction. This paper studies was 30%,70% ethanol extract combined liquid-30% macroporous resin elution section and water extraction site macroporous resin 30% ethanol elution section. By mans of Sephadex LH-20, preparative HPLC separation method et al,6 compounds were isolated, They were Tryptophan(1),hypaphorine(2),(1S,3 S)-1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-carboline-3-carboxylic acid(3),(1 R,3 S)-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-carboline-3-carboxylic acid(4),1-methyl-3,4-dihydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid(5),N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)]ethylacetamide(6). Among them,4,5,6 compounds were the first time reported in chickpeas.This article also separately research the cell activity screening of isoflavones structure modifications, separated monomer compound 1,2,3,4,5 and flattened compound by isoflavone and monomer,the cell activity of isoflavones Structural modifications with bromine ethoxylate screening genistein 7-hydroxy-bromoethoxy structure, hypoglycemic activity was significantly improved and can generate synergy with insulin, insulin auxiliary drugs research and development has laid a certain reference value. Reactive monomer compound is not particularly good or almost no activity, the need for further research. Monomer (tryptophan) and hypoglycemic active isoflavones split reactants only slightly better than the control group, but not as effective as metformin, it needs to be further deep research, discover its better hypoglycemic active substance. |
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