Study On Screening Of Contaminated Water For Priority Control Of Drinking Water In Some Areas Of South China

Part I study on the drinking water pollutants distribution in the southern parts of ChinaObjective:To study the quality of drinking water and pollutant distribution in southern parts of China, to guarantee the drinking water safety, and providing scientific basis for screening of priority control pollutants in drinking water for the prevention and control of water pollution event.Methods:The recent three years data of drinking water were collected from Wuxi, Jiangsu Province and Fenghua, Zhejiang Province, and the water sources, water supply system and water hygiene were surveyed by using uniformed questionnaire, covering local economic status, industrial and agricultural development situation, the types of pollutants, the types of water, water plant coverage, water treatment processing, etc. Water samples from some water supply plants were collected in Wuxi and Fenghua, and for the a hundred more of organic parameters were determined in the water by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (icp-ms). etc. Data entry and analysis were performed by Excel and SPSS software.Results:1. The 188 samples from water sources and 20 samples from product water of water plants were tested from 2012 to 2014 in Wuxi city, all of which were qualified.2969 samples from end-point of use were tested,2917 of which were qualified. The total compliance rate was 98.25%, and the annual qualified rate were 98.82%,98.86% and 97.06% respectively. The 330 samples of source water,330 the product water and 450 water samples of end-point-use were collected from Fenghua during 2012-2014, the qualified rate of which lay from 10% to 45.3%.2. There were 28 kinds of organic pollutants detected in drinking water in Wuxi, including organophosphorus pesticide. Persistent Organic Pollutants and phthalic acid esters. The 26 kinds of organic pollutants were detected in Fenghua. including volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds, organophosphorus pesticide.organochlorine pesticide, and phthalic acid esters.Conclusion:1. Water source quality in Wuxi was poorer, but the prodcut water and pipe water quality were better than that of Fenghua, as the water treatment technology in Wuxi is more advanced than that in Fenghua.2. Based on the detection and screening of organic compounds in drinking water of Wuxi and Fenghua. some of the specific water pollutant that not listed in the national standard are propsed to be monitored as priority control pollutants.Part Ⅱ Screening of priority pollutants in drinking water in areas of Southern ChinaObjective:Based on the local situation, to screen water pollutants with more frequently appeared and high concentration in drinking water which may cause negative impact on people’s health. local list of priority control pollutants are recommended and this will provide the scientific evidence for the establishment of the national priority control pollutants list.Methods:The Retrospective method was used to review the literatures relating priority control pollutants at nationally and inerternationally, including current China and in the US EPA released priority pollutants. With reference to the local water quality monitoring data and the water quality data for years, the screening methods of potential hazards and comprehensive score method were used in this study. An index score screening system are eatablished to comply with the actual water priority control pollutants based on the pollutant detection frequency, concentration of average detection, and toxicity.Results:1. The 9 kinds of metal and inorganic,7 kinds of benzene series,4 kinds of halogenated hydrocarbon, and 2 kinds of phenols have been screened by the potential hazards method in Wuxi city drinking water supply. There were pentachlorophenol, copper, mercury, nickel, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead,1,4-dichlorobenzene, hexachlorobenzene, phenol, beryllium, thallium, chloroform, hexachlorobutadiene and three methyl bromide,1,2-dichlorobenzene, ethylbenzene, respectively.8 kinds of metal and inorganic,7 kinds of benzene series,4 kinds of esters, I class of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,1 species of pesticide, and 1 series of phenol were screened by the comprehensive score method. There were mercury, cadmium, lead, phthalate butyl acetate, benzene and (a) pyrene, dioctyl phthalate, nickel, chloroform, arsenic and benzene, copper, dimethyl phthalate, hexachlorobenzene, phenol, manganese, ethyl benzene, toluene,1,2-dichlorobenzene,1,4-dichlorobenzene, diethyl phthalate, atrazine, and xylene, respectively.2. The 10 kinds of metal and inorganic,4 kinds of benzene series,4 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,4 kinds of halogenated hydrocarbon,5 kinds of halogenated hydrocarbon 1 kind of pesticide and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBS) have been screened by the potential hazards method, in Fenghua city water supply. They are cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, arsenic, styrene acrylic (a) pyrene, naphthalene, arsenic, mercury, beryllium, thallium, chloroform, acenaphthene, fluorene, cyanide, DDT, chlorobenzene, five chlorine phenol, nitrobenzene, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBS), carbon tetrachloride, hexachlorobutadiene and chlorine dibromomethane, three methyl bromide,1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, ethylbenzene, respectively.9 kinds of metal and inorganic, 5 kinds of benzene series,4 kinds of esters,3 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,2 species of pesticide, and 1 kinds of phenol were screened by the comprehensive score method. There were mercury, cadmium, lead, phthalate butyl acetate, benzene and (a) pyrene, dioctyl phthalate, nickel, chloroform, arsenic and benzene, copper, dimethyl phthalate, hexachlorobenzene, phenol, manganese, ethyl benzene, toluene,1,2-dichlorobenzene,1,4-dichlorobenzene, diethyl phthalate, atrazine, and xylene, respectively.Conclusions:The 20 kinds of priority control pollutants in drinking water of Wuxi have been screened in this study. They are mercury, cadmium, lead, nickel, arsenic and benzene, copper, hexachlorobenzene, phenol, ethyl benzene, toluene,1,2-dichlorobenzene, phthalic acid dibutyl, benzo (a) pyrene, Phthalate (2-ethyl caproic) ester, five chloride, chloroform, phenol, chromium,1.4-dichlorobenzene and beryllium. The 21 kinds of chemicals including mercury, cadmium, lead, nickel, arsenic, copper, chloroform, naphthalene, styrene acrylic (a) pyrene, ethyl benzene, acenaphthene, phthalic acid, phthalate (2-ethyl caproic) ester, dimethyl phthalate, phenol, manganese,1,4-dichlorobenzene, chromium, beryllium, thallium, fluorene were recommend as priority control pollutants for Fenghua City water supply. The results from this study has basically complied with the local situation, and this finding can provide guidance for the safety drinking water management in this area.