Study On The Biological Mechanism Of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Chinese medicine is the valuable treasure of China nation. As the important part of Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays a significant role for the development of Chinese medicine course. Dao-di medicinal material is also the essence of Chinese medicine culture and the gem for the culture of Chinese nation. The research of Dao-di herbs is related to the process of modernization and internationalization for Chinese mendicine. Our team summarized the theoretical research on the Dao-di herbals, and innovatively proposed a new research system based on the correlation analysis of genetic-chemical-climatic factors, combined with transcriptome, DNA barcoding, chemical components analysis, climatic and ecological factor analysis and edaphic inorganic element analysis to explore the biological mechanism for the geoherbalism of TCM. The new system had been applied and practiced in Panax quinquefolius, Cistanche deserticola and Astragalus mongholicus, which provided theoretical basis for the geoherbalism research of TCM.The P. quinquefolius from different main producing areas in China were sequenced for transcriptome, and screened 23 difference key enzyme genes related to the biosynthetic pathway of ginsenoside, and extacted the expression quantity of genes. The values of RPKM was combined with the determination of ginsenoside and climatic fators to correlation analysis, and the results shown that the content of ginsenoside was negative correlated with the expression of HMGR (regulated by comp76232_c1), and positive correlated with the expression of other key enzyme genes. The content of ginsenoside was negative correlated with temperature and sunshine, and positive correlated with water. The chemical content of A. mongholicus was negative correlated with the genetic distance of ITS2, and strong negative correlated with temperature and water, strong positive correlated with sunshine and speed of wind. The chemical content of C. deserticola was different in two main producing areas, and 2’-acetyl verbascoside could be the index component for distinguishing different producing areas. The psbA-trnH sequence of C. deserticola possessed remarkable SNP, which shown that in 191 loci was G for Xinjiang and A for Inner Mongolia. DNA barcoding was used to identify the common Chinese herbal medicine and its adulterants, including Radix Clematidis, Osmunda japonica, Angelica sinensis, Dendrobium chrysotoxum, genus of Lilium, Pinellia, and Viola. The results indicated that DNA barcoding could identify the Chinese herbal medicines and its adulterants. The new proposed research system and method could provide scientific evidence for the theoretical research of geoherbalism in TCM.