Investigation On The Intake Of Lutein In Urban And Rural Areas Of Qingdao And Its Absorption And Metabolism

Objective: To guide the residents to reasonably intake the dietary lutein and to scientifically supply, we investigate the daily dietary intake of lutein of the urban and rural residents in Qingdao City and conduct the absorption and metabolism studies on the youth populations.Methods: According to the type of sampling, selecting a community of North City and a village of Jimo in Qingdao as the survey poits. From November 2015 to January 2016, the trained professional investigators conducted the basic survey and 3 days 24 hours dietary recall survey. Investigating a total of 308 residents(198 urban residents, 110 rural residents) by using the principle of "informed consent", in which the number of the youth population(18- 44 years old) is 89, and the number of the middle-aged population( 45-59 years old) is 124, and the number of the elderly residents(60 and older) is 95.Investigators asked and filled the questionnaires, including a detailed record of the basic situation of the residents of gender, age, height, weight, education, income, health status,to ensure the integrity of the basic information. Followed by the way of question and answer to survey its recent three consecutive days of diet(avoiding holidays or unconventional dinner). Double inputting and statistical analyzing the datas. Randomly selecting twenty healthy young volunteers in a College in Qingdao, and were randomly divided into lutein group and normal control group. The lutein group supplied 20 mg lutein in everyday, supplemented with twenty consecutive days, and the normal control group did not give any supplement. Extracting 5m L fasting blood at 0, 12, 24, 72, 144,240, 480, 720 hours after the first oral administration, and separated the plasma. High performance liquid chromatography detected the plasma concentrations of lutein.SPSS17.0 statistical software was used for data entry and analysis. Inspection level α =0.05.Results: The dietary lutein intake of Qingdao residents was 2709μg/d. The dietary lutein intake of rural residents was significantly higher than that of rural residents(P<0.05), and the dietary lutein intake of rural males and females were all significantly higher than that of urban males and females(P<0.05), the dietary lutein intake of rural female was significantly higher than that of urban females(P<0.05). Vegetables are the main dietary sources of lutein in Qingdao, the proportion is up to 95%. Spinach, leeks and cabbage are the most important source of dietary lutein. The lutein intake from beans and fruits in rural residents is less than urban residents(P<0.05), and the lutein intake from cereal and vegetable in urban residents is less than rural residents(P<0.05). Dietary lutein intake of the middle-aged crowd is significantly higher than the young and the elderly population(P<0.05). Dietary lutein intake from fruits and dairy products in young adults are higher than that in middle-aged and elderly population(P<0.05). Dietary lutein intake from cereals, vegetables in middle-aged crowd are higher than that in young adults and elderly population(P<0.05). Dietary lutein intake from eggs in middle-aged crowd is higher than that in elderly population(P<0.05). Dietary lutein intake from beans in elderly population is higher than that in middle-aged crowd and young people(P<0.05). In the study of lutein absorption and metabolism, the background plasma lutein level of twenty young volunteers is 0.361 ± 0.095μg/m L. With the persistent lutein supplementation, plasma lutein concentrations shows a steady upward trend. After twenty days’ lutein supplementation, plasma lutein concentration in Lutein group is 1.112 ± 0.559μg/m L.Plasma lutein concentrations at 72, 144, 240, 480 hours after the first oral supplementation increased 59%, 115%, 164%, 214%(P<0.05), respectively.Conclusion: The median of the daily dietary intake of lutein in Qingdao is 2709 μg. The daily dietary lutein intake of rural residents is higher than that of urban residents, and the dietary lutein intake of the middle-aged crowd are higher than that of the youth and older population. The lutein consumption from fruits and beans is higher in urban residents.The lutein consumption from grains and vegetables is higher in rural residents. The lutein consumption from fruit and milk products is higher in young residents. The lutein consumption from eggs, vegetables and grain cereal is higher in middle age residents.The lutein consumption from beans is higher in elderly residents. Lutein intake from vegetables reached 95%. Spinach, leeks and cabbage are the main source of dietary lutein.Continuous oral lutein capsules, plasma lutein levels shows a stable upward trend. With twenty days lutein supplementation, plasma lutein levels reach to 1.112 μg/m L, it is 3.28 times before taking.