A Study Of The Classic Works Of Saxophone In The 19th Century

The saxophone was invented by Belgium-born music instrument maker Adolphe Sax in the middle of nineteenth century. After more than one hundred years of development, The saxophone instruments and the works have been widely spread throughout the world, loved by music lovers from all over the world. But at the beginning of the19th century, the promotion, popularization and development of saxophone was not plain sailing, on the one hand, the musicians of the period of classical music such as Beethoven, Mozart, etc had died that they had no chance to compose to saxophone; On the other hand,the form of symphony orchestra had been established, whether of brass or woodwind group had no saxophone’s foothold, with the restrictions of players’ technique and crazy boycott of France and even the entire European musical instrument manufacturers, the development and popularization of the saxophone in19th century was difficult..In order to promote the music composing and the development of the instrument, Adophe Sax established an independent publishing company in Paris in1950s to1970s.He made wide appointments to the musicians to compose to saxophone which brought a climax of music composing. A large proportion of these published works by sax himself was used in Paris music college examination, the harmonic structure of these works were tradition, and belongs to the variation of the divertimento which had the complex techniques, or the fantasia started with short piano introduction. These music works usually contains introduction, lyrical themes, cadenza, variation and virtuosity parts, the works not only expressed the saxophone’s voice features, also can reflect the charm of the saxophone in fast playing.By analyzing and understanding the interaction between the instrument and the compositions,teasing the melody structure, mode, tonality of classic masterpiece, playing skill and music style and technical difficulties of this period,we can summarize the characteristics and technical difficulties,realize technology and values of the works in19th century,in order to promote the development of modern saxophone playing and teaching progress.This paper comprises four chapters. The first chapter introduces the history, the basic characteristics and performing characteristics of the saxophone; The second chapter discussed the background of the music works in19th century from the perspective of European music history development and lists the saxophone works that still exist in the stage performance, teaching playing and discusses the artistic value of these works. The third chapter according to certain standards, select five most representative works,analysis from playing skills, mode, tonality, technical difficulties and so on to make a deep understanding of the19th saxophone works. The fourth chapter discuss the teaching significance of these works, separately from the technique and style, tone and skills and the comprehensive ability of saxophone playing.