A Study On The Literary Nature And Its Function Of Sanling Inscriptions

The Three Northeast Mausoleums refers to three mausoleums of emperor left by Qing Dynasty during post-Jin Dynasty period. They are Yong-mausoleum of ancestral mausoleum of imperial family of Qing Dynasty, Fu-mausoleum of Nuerhachi and Zhao-mausoleum of Huangtaiji in Shenyang. The three mausoleums take as the ancestral mausoleums of imperial family of Qing Dynasty, having received lots of attention from emperors of successive dynasties. The inscription on the Shengongshengde monument of the three mausoleums also become famous. There are six Shengongshengde monuments and six pieces of inscriptions in the three mausoleums. They are “Shengongshengde monument of Zhao Zhuyuan emperor of Qing Dynasty”, “Shengongshengde monument of Xing Zuzhi emperor of Qing Dynasty”, “Shengongshengde monument of Jing Zhuyi emperor of Qing Dynasty”, “Shengongshengde monument of Xian Zuxuan emperor of Qing Dynasty” in Yong-mausoleum, “Shengongshengde monument of Fu-mausoleum of Qing Dynasty” in Fu-mausoleum, “Shengongshengde monument of Zhao-mausoleum of Qing Dynasty” in Zhao-mausoleum. Until now, the inscription on Shengongshengde-monument of the three mausoleum has a history over four hundred years. These inscriptions are of great academic value and historical meaning for studying the history, culture and literature of early period of Qing Dynasty. But, until now, the quantity and quality of the record or discussion data of the inscriptions of the three mausoleums are limited and not appreciative. Many related data only mentions the process of the writing of the inscriptions and the process of setting up the monuments. Speaking of the record of the inscriptions, the six pieces of the inscriptions are recorded completely and in detail in the sixth file of Jinshi record of Fengtiantongzhi edited by Wang Shunan, Wu Tingxie and Jin Shufu who are the commissioners of the committee of editors of the Northeast History and Literature Serials. And they annotate them. It’s the only record of the inscriptions of the three mausoleum until now. The inscriptions of the Shengongshengde monument of the three mausoleum are all written by famous authors at that period. The meaning of the inscriptions are deep and the description of them is vivid. The great achievements of Qing Dynasty is concentrated within 1000-2000 words. The inscriptions are of high readability and literary achievement. This study try to analyze the literary features of the inscriptions of the three mausoleums mainly from four parts.The first part is the introduction introducing the inscriptions of the three mausoleums and the record and the current state of research of the inscriptions. Currently, the record of the inscriptions of the three mausoleums can only be found and read in Jinshi record of fengtiantingzhi edited by Wang Shunan, Wu Tingxie and Jin Shufu who are the commissioners of the committee of editors of the Northeast History and Literature Serials. This is the starting point and basis of the research of the inscriptions of the three mausoleums. The current state of the research of the inscription of the three mausoleums can be divided into two levels, monograph and paper. But there doesn’t exist direct research of the inscription of the three mausoleum. Related researches mainly focus on the historical data, the mausoleum system, communication, burial culture and so on. These can provide evidence and reference to the study of the inscriptions of the three mausoleum.The second part mainly discuss the literature of the inscriptions of the three mausoleums, which is the main body of the paper. Firstly, it introduces the origin and evolution of the inscriptions of the three mausoleums and finds basis for the discussion of the writing of the inscription. Secondly, the literature of the inscriptions mainly reflect on obvious features of biography, the application of various kinds of rhetoric of the sentences, the insertion of fabrication and association, and the plot of the description of the inscriptions.The third part is about the reasons of the formation of the literature of the inscription of the three mausoleums. Firstly, this part analyzes it from microscopical background and illustrate briefly the political, economic, cultural and social background of the formation of the inscriptions. Then, this part analyzes the specific reasons of the formation of the literature of the inscription, including the trend of the development of the tradition of the commemoration and extolling of the inscription of the monument; the influence of the notion of immortality and the building of the monument; the literary essential factor of the tradition of the inscription; the political requirement of propaganda of the achievements of emperors; the literature of the life experience of the emperor. The fourth part mainly illustrates the function of the propaganda that reflects on the literature of the inscription of the three mausoleum. The inscription itself includes many essential factors that accord with the laws of the propaganda. Analyzing from the aspect of rhythm, rising tone and expiration are frequently used. It’s easy to read and memorize. Anylysing from the aspect of the value of literature, the regulation of the article can become the sample for later generations. Analyzing from the aspect of the value of propaganda, the inscriptions are inclined to stories to make it convenient for being passed on from generation to generation through oral telling.