An Investigation On The Current Situation Of The Use Of Hani Language In Daxiangshan Township, Lvchun County, Yunnan Province

The Hani people are an ethnic group in the southwestern region of China, who mainly live in Honghe Hani and the Yi autonomous prefecture in Yunnan province. Lvchun County is located in the southwest of Honghe prefecture, and the number of Hani accounted for in this county is 87.4%. Da Heishan Township is located in the southwest part of Lvchun, and Hani account for 94.2% of the total population of the township. This paper researches the use of Hani language in Da Heishan Township. Da Heishan historically was known for its rubber factories, which led to a high mobility of the population and large number of migrants. Thus, the frequency of Mandarin is relatively high in this area, but the Hani in Da Heishan have a strong bilingual ability in general as well. To objectively reflect on the use of Hani Language in Da Heishan Township, I will research the typical area, which is based on the entire county life analysis.According to the information applied by the government, I chose Gan Longtan village and Lao Baizhai village for my research locations. The former is closer to the township government and the latter is more remote and lacks accessible roads. Gan Longtan village has an economica advantage and a large migrant population because of the rubber industry and geographical advantage. Therefore, the people of this village have a strong bilingual ability. Meanwhile, the village is the local government’s demonstration site of the "Beautiful Hometown" program so that it is typical. Lao Baizhai village is located in mountain area, which leads to transport problems and lack of communication. The level of Hani people’s mother language is higher so that the village is typical as well.This paper is divided into six parts with five chapters.Chapter 1 is an introduction which demonstrates the research objectives, meaning, research activities, research methods, investigation background, language ability grade and dividing standard.Chapter 2 and chapter 3 respectively analyze the use of Hani language from different ages, genders and educational backgrounds in Gan Longtan village and Lao Baizhai village. In addition, the two chapters compare characters of the two villages’ language usage.Chapter 4 illustrates the usage of Hani language in Da Heishan Township, which is analyzed from holistic common characters, loanwords and the internal difference of Hani language usage in this township.Chapter 5 discusses the Hani people’s attitudes toward language in Da Heishan Township. It summarizes their attitudes to local language as well as Mandarin, and the difference of internal language attitudes in Da Heishan.The conclusion sums up the use of Hani language. It seeks to show the common characters as well as individual differences and it analyzed two paradoxes of Hani language usage. In addition, the conclusion predicts the trend of language usage in this area and makes several relevant suggestions.