Chen Duxiu And The Creation And Development Of The Socialist Youth League In

Guangzhou is one of the earliest regions founding SocialistYouth League，where the First National Congress of the ChineseSocialist Youth League held in1922. Chen Tu-hsiu，a founder andleader of the Chinese Communist Party, had a intimate relationshipwith the foundation and development of the Socialist Youth Leagueof Guangzhou. How to understand the relationship between ChenTu-hsiu and the S.Y. of Guangzhou, between the C.C.P. and theS.Y.? For the china-further integration into the CommunistInternational and Youth Communist International, what problemswere facing Chen Tu-hsiu，the C.C.P. and the S.Y.? What’s the roleof the Communist International and Youth CommunistInternational in the process? This thesis is based on the archives，file historical data, reminiscences from the internal andinternational, centering on Chen Tu-hsiu’s connection with thedevelopment of the socialist youth league, trying to givepreliminary investigation on the relationship between the C.C.P.and the S.Y., which has far-reaching implications on the Chinesecommunist career and Chinese revolution. Those are the purposesof this thesis.This thesis is divided mainly into four parts:The first chapter introduces the historical and politicalbackground, which the Socialist Youth League of Guangzhou builton. The S.Y. of Guangzhou was based on the unconstrained andfree political environment and grew by the dense revolutionaryatmosphere. Chen Chiung-Ming, the regional leader has appearedto be a revolutionary general. Meanwhile, Guangzhou was the activity center of Kuomintang (KMT), which had been interested inMarxism and created a friendly environment for the building anddevelopment of the S.Y. of Guangzhou. Advanced workers’movement and workers’ appeal to education reform, had supplied apoint of breakthrough for Chen Tu-hsiu to push Chinese workers’movement forward by enforcing reform of education.The second chapter discusses the relationship between ChenTu-hsiu and the S.Y. of Guangzhou during his first visiting toGuangzhou. In the initial disposition of the CommunistInternational, the socialists in the communist groups throughoutChina should ally themselves with anarchists. The first beginningof “Guangzhou Communist Party” was such a product ofcombination. Chen Tu-hsiu dissented on this point, insisting on thedefinite confine between Marxism and anarchism. For that, ChenTu-hsiu spared no effort to drive the separation of the twoprinciples, which was adopted by the Communist Internationalfinally and reached the same goal. The establishment anddevelopment of the S.Y. of Guangzhou followed the same lines ofthat of the communist party. The S.Y. and the C.P. in Guangzhoushared a lot in common, such as the founders, the propagandaplatform and the communist beliefs. The repeated characteristicsturned into a source of unclear relationship between the S.Y. andthe C.P. in Guangzhou even in China.The third chapter analyzes Chen Tu-hsiu’s association withthe development of the S.Y. after he left Guangzhou and thereasons for his second visit to Guangzhou. Chen Tu-hsiu cameback to Shanghai to serve as the General Secretary of the CentralCommittee of the Chinese Communist Party after the First National Congress of Chinese Communist Party. He still paid close attentionto the development of the S.Y. He also endeavored to bring theC.C.P. and the S.Y. into line with international practices, so hedrafted an issue requiring the Party organizations in all places tospeed up the development of the socialist Youth Leagueorganizations. On this ground, the S.Y. of Guangdong integrated.The Communist International guided by the RussianCommunist Party (Bolshevik) was beginning to contact with SunYat-sen and his KMT, then the co-operation between theKuomintang and the Communist Party was emerging. ChenTu-hsiu’s was strongly opposed but he couldn’t change the RussianCommunist Party’s tendency to ally with Sun Yat-sen. Out of theresponsibility to the Chinese Communist Party and the SocialistYouth League, Chen Tu-hsiu determined to make another visit toGuangzhou for the purpose of reviewing Guangzhou’s currentsituation, analyzing the political scene under control of SunYat-sen and Chen Chiung-ming, which would make greatdifference in the development of the C.P. and the S.Y. in China,and estimating the possibility to adopt Russian’s suggestion tocombine with KMT.The forth chapter mainly discusses the treatment and approachfor the C.C.P. and the S.Y. to deal with their relationship, whichwas deeply influenced by the internal and international factors.Chen Tu-hsiu wanted to push the C.C.P. and the S.Y. to participatein the Communist International and Youth CommunistInternational, but had to face all the difficulties both theideological struggle that he himself produced, and the difference ofopinion between the central and local states about the combination of the KMT and the C.C.P.. Moreover, the unclear relationshipbetween the C.P. and the S.Y. also led to problems for ChenTu-hsiu to integrate the communist strength effectively. As amember of the communist international, the C.C.P. and the S.Y.deal with their relationship in accordance with the international. Onone hand, they insisted that the Socialist League must besubordinate to the Communist Party; on the other hand, they putemphasis on their relative independence. So the C.C.P. and the S.Y.had to find a balance between the obedience and the independence,between the directives of the communist international and theexperiences on the basis of practice. And then the ChineseCommunist organizations either the C.P. or the S.Y. could developin harmony and yield a win-win result.It can be drew a conclusion that at early stage of developingprocess, the C.C.P. and the S.Y. were deeply affected by theinternal and international factors. The study of the history of theChinese Communist Party and the Socialist/Communist YouthLeague, should be considered in the international and nationalbackground but not confined to the Party or the League itself.