Energy-efficient Routing Protocol In Ad Hoc Networks Based On Cross-layer Mechanism

Ad hoc network is a type of non-center, self-organized wireless networks which doesn't depend on infrastructures, so it can be widely used in military field, civil field and so on. Ad hoc networks mostly consist of some mobile devices with limited battery energy, so it is very important to do researches on energy efficiency in Ad hoc. The solutions of the problem currently are almost focused on specific problems of each layer. However, they can not improve the energy efficiency in Ad hoc networks effectively. And there isn't energy-efficient routing protocol for the unicast traffic and in the mean time, for multicast traffic.The paper has made a further study on energy-efficient routing protocol in Ad hoc, and the main content is listed as follows: The paper proposes energy-efficient unicast routing protocol CEAODV which modifies the route metric of AODV, and adjusts transmission power at physical layer based on Cross-layer mechanism. It can minimize the consumed energy. Moreover, the paper designs energy-efficient multicast routing protocol CEMAODV which is the multicast extension of CEAODV. A source-based energy-efficient multicast tree is constructed by CEAODV, and then is optimized based on the broadcast advantage in wireless networks. Finally, a near-minimum total energy consumed multicast tree is obtained. When the destination is a unicast address, CEMAODV can automatically degenerate into CEAODV to support energy-efficient unicast traffic.At the end of the paper it implements the two energy-efficient routing protocols in NS-2, and does many simulation experiments. The results of the simulation experiments compared with AODV and MAODV show that they can save energy consumed more than double, in respect of QoS it adds delay about double as great as AODV in unicast traffic, but reduces multicast delay half of MAODV in multicast traffic, the throughput rate vary little. So the two energy-efficient routing protocols proposed in the paper can be used in Ad hoc networks which have limited energy to greatly save energy consumed.