Germany Universal Bank Institution And Its Enlightenment To China

As one of the oldest developed industrial countries in the world, achievements of Germany economy are closely related to its banking industry. For itself, Germany banking adopts universal banking institution, it is that commercial banks are not restricted by financial businesses, not only do they engage in all commercial banking businesses, but also they could engage in investment bank,insurance and some non-finance businesses. Since 1990, with financial globalization and liberalization, international monetary industry have rapidly developed, especially in the western developed countries, in order to promote competition,reduce trade costs,strengthen ability of making profit, main commercial banks in many countries have adopted the pattern of mixed operation. It is in no doubt that Germany universal banking system as the successful mode of mixed operation is the important research topic of oversea and domestic scholars. After joining in WTO, Chinese banking faces huge competition and challenges, practicing the mode of mixed operation has been inevitable choice, concluding and learning the experiences of Germany universal banking have profound practical significance, and are also the purpose of this paper. There are five parts in this paper:The first part, mixed operation and universal banking institution. In this part, we describe the conception and connotation of mixed operation and universal banking institution,discuss the theoretical basis: mixed operation obeys to the rule of average profit,the rule of marginal cost reducing and portfolio theory. This part mainly makes preparations for next parts.The second part, Germany financial institution---universal banking institution. In this part, we summarize the developing history of Germany universal banking institution and concentrate on discussing the characteristics and advantages of Germany universal banking institution. We hold that (1) there are five traits about Germany universal bank: diversified businesses,business nets which are...