The Research On Urban Wetland Landscape Pattern In Changsha

Wetland is one of the most important life support system, it plays an important role in such aspects, like maintaining biodiversity and human society, economy, culture, science, aesthetics, and recreation. Urban wetland is the most important part of urban ecological environment structure, also is the important factor of restricting city development. Perfect urban wetland landscape pattern can improve the overall environment of the city, also is conducive to protect the species diversity and the complete "gene pool".The purpose of this study is based on the urban wetland landscape pattern in Changsha, raising optimization suggestions for imperfective pattern. It concretely based on landscape ecology as the theoretical basis, and using the wetland vector data in Changsha in2008as basic information sources, then rasterize processing on the geographic information system (GIS) platform, again get the landscape index by Fragstats landscape pattern index calculation software, select representative indicators from them, analyzing the landscape pattern in different plaque area, plaque type, area and the overall four angles. Finally combining with the landscape pattern optimization principle, putting forward optimization Suggestions for urban wetland landscape pattern in Changsha.Through the study, the urban wetland in Changsha is high degree of patch fragmentation and scattered, poor spatial heterogeneity, and its landscape diversity index is not high. From the point of different patch area to view, level1patches (2or less2hm2) have4264, accounting for81.61%of the total number of landscape patches, dominant in Numbers. Level5patches (32or more32hm2) area is11339.84hm2,65.58%of the total area of landscape patches, dominant on the area. From the point of different patch types to view, permanent river patch area is9425.82hm2, the largest of all types,54.5%of the total area of the patches, the superior area; And the pond wetland types is the dominant on the number of patches, there are altogether4431patches, accounting for91.72%of the total number of landscape patches. From the point of different areas to view, it has the highest wetland share in Tianxin District, account for13.24%of the total land area; the wetland landscape fragmentation is the most serious in Yuhua District, patch density is103.6437/100hm2; Wangcheng District has the most abundant wetland types, minimum by human disturbance and high degree of natural wetland patches. Its landscape diversity level is high. And it’s the only of six areas in optimal wetland landscape diversity index within the scope of the area.After analysing the urban wetland landscape pattern in Changsha from different angles, summed up the whole the advantages and disadvantages of wetland landscape pattern of Changsha, and under the guidance of the principles of landscape pattern optimization, aiming at the problems of urban wetland landscape pattern in Changsha to propose several suggestions:governancing water quality, integrating wetland broken patches, regulating the large areas of wetland, improving the construction mode of wetland park and strengthen the combination of wetland system and green space system. I hope that it’s helpful to the construction of urban wetland landscape in Changsha.