| Seismic sedimentology is an emerged discipline after seismic stratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy, mainly using seismic data and seismic interpretation technology to analyze sedimentary problems. This paper states the background, development history and research status of the seismic sedimentology, details it’s the basic principle, main content, research methods, key technology and the research process, and also discusses the connotation:guided by geological model, using seismic method to study. As ayoung discipline appears at the end of twentieth Century, seismic sedimentology got the recognition and support of the general scholars and oil companies. Seismic sedimentology is based on seismic stratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy, focusing on two aspects of seismic lithology and seismic geomorphology to study sedimentary rocks and sedimentary processes. According to the characteristics that the horizontal scale formation is far larger than the vertical thickness, using the horizontal resolution of seismic data to identify sedimentary system from the plane; According to thephenomenon that reflection events form affected by seismic wave frequency components, generating strata slice by the means of insertingthrough chronstratigraphicframework, analyzing the evolution characteristics of high-frequency sequence from sedimentary body distribution vertical variations; According to the relationship between the seismic reflection amplitudes and thickness of thin layer, application frequency data to identify the thin, and using mixing technique to analyze relative spatial position relationship of different sedimentary bodies. The paper also elaboratethe development direction in the futureof seismic sedimentology about it’sproblems in practical application and present needs:Strengthen thecombinationwith seismic reservoir prediction technology; Develop slicing technology to three-dimensional visualization technology, and improve the efficiency of the analysis; Perfectthe technology and research norms for continental basins; Enhance understanding of continental sedimentary basin and geomorphological model mode, establish seismic sedimentary facies model.In this paper, taking the example of braided river deposition of TAGI Formation in North Africa Triassic Basin, nonmarine basin deposition of Honghuatao Formation in Jiangling Depression, and delta deposition of the Zhujiang Formation in the pearl river mouth basin, to analyze the application of seismic sedimentology in different sedimentary environments. As the lateral variation of braided river deposition of TAGI Formation in North Africa Triassic Basin changes quickly, and the characteristics of the whole slants thin, frequency division interpretation technology has been mainly adopted to identify the different sizes of braided river sedimentary system, and predict the plane distribution. At the same time, seismic attribute and stratal slicing technology have been used to effectively identify the compound braid bars of TAGI Formation and to predict the plane distribution, and then analyzed the reasons of the internal heterogeneity through the fine description of the internal structure of the compound braid bars. According to the characteristics of fluvial-eolian dune under the arid environment in Jiangling depression, the study area is considered to mainly develop rivers and aeolian depositional system based on the analysis of the outcrops, core, logging geological measurement model, and the seismic reflection configurations and strata slice of multi-attribute. Distribution of different depositional system in different period of Honghuatao Formation in Jiangling Depression has been depicted through a series of typical strata section and seismic attribute analysis. Analysis shows that the Honghuatao Formation developed in dry climate, making the deposition relatively limited, and it mainly develops eolian dune and fluvial process turns weaken, and parts of the river has been destroyed and transformed by the wind erosion resulting from the extremely dry climate in the mid of Honghuatao Formation. As the drilling in pearl river mouth basin is less, the study of sedimentary system from Cenozoic mainly depends on the seismic data. On the basis of sequence stratigraphic framework in pearl river mouth basin that builded by the theory of sequence stratigraphy, seismic attribute and stratal slicing technique and interpretation technology have been mainly applicated to study the delta characteristics of different systemtracts within any sequence of Zhujiang Formation. Seismic response of delta and distribution law of delta and its distributary channel sand body in different period of Zhujiang Formation have been determined after comprehensive analysis. Study found that the sea-level fluctuation eaffect the progradational size of delta foreset body, and then affect the temporal and spatial distribution of depositional system of Zhujiang Formation in Huizhou area. In low sea-level period, the range of delta is extensive; and in high sea-level period, the area of delta is small.Through the practical application of seismic sedimentology in the three areas, this article introduced the research method, processes, norms and related datum of seismic sedimentology. The results showed that the seismic sedimentology has unique advantages in analyzing deposit system andpredicting lithology. |
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