Design Of Weighing Rain Gauge System Based On WSN

Precipitation is one of the key elements of the meteorological observation. Monitoring and prediction of the precipitation have important significance for flood control and drought relief, as well as agricultural production. In order to improve the measurement accuracy of precipitation and meet the network and wireless demands of the precipitation detection, a weighing rain gauge system based on wireless sensor network is designed.The weighing rain gauge system based on WSN is mainly composed of weighing rain gauge nodes, coordination and host computer software. The weighing rain gauge nodes have the function of detection and distinction between solid and liquid precipitation. And they can dissolve snow. Solid precipitation can dissolve in the low freezing point liquid. This paper mainly describes the design and application of these three parts, as well as integration.In our design, the weighing rain gauge nodes are made up of weighing sensor, signal amplification and analog-to-digital conversion circuits, LCD display circuits, main controller, electric valve control circuits, wireless communication circuit and other parts, and the software flow chart is given. The weighing rain gauge nodes transfer the state and amount of precipitation to the coordinator by wireless. The coordinator is composed of main controller and serial interface circuit. It is used to receive data from nodes and transfer it to a host computer. Furthermore, host computer is used to display real-time precipitation and save historical data.The system forms a ZigBee star network through the coordinator.Because of rain gauge nodes’joining the network, the precipitation data transfer is possible. The application of wireless sensor network avoids geographical limitations of cable. At the same time,it reduces the cost and improves the stability of rain gauge in the wild. Together with thermometer, hygrometer and aerovane, the weighing rain gauge composes the new wireless network automatic meteorological station.