Study On Monitoring And Early Warning Of Glacial Lake Outburst Floods In Yarkant River Basin

In the context of global warming, glacial lake outburst floods disasters happened frequently,large-scale, wide hazards, difficult to predict of glacial lake outburst floods caused a serious impact on people’s lives and property and infrastructure, agriculture development in flood plain.Kyagar Glacier lakes and glacial lake outburst floods is a typical representative. In this paper,Yarkant River Basin is study area, combining the characteristics of the three types of floods and terrain, established a set of flood monitoring and early warning systems. The main results are as follows:(1) Monitoring and early warning system of glacial outburst floods in Yarkant River Basin consists of Station of Kyagar Glacier Lake, Station of Cha Hekou and Station of Kuluklangan.Station of Kyagar Glacier Lake is the first stage of the system, elevation 4803 m, can realize monitoring glacial lake floods; station of Cha Hekou is the second stage of the system, elevation3200 m, can realize monitoring glacial lake floods and ablation flood; station of Kuluklangan is the third stage of the system, elevation 2065 m, can realize monitoring glacial lake floods, ablation flood and storm flood.(2) Monitoring and early warning system of glacial outburst floods monitored indicators whether over alarm value or not, if indicators over alarm value, system automatically start warning,sending warning signals via SMS(SMS) to mobile phone on decision-makers, to facilitate decision-makers react quickly. The alarming level of Station of Kyagar Glacier Lake is 4805 m,corresponding volume about 17.2 millions m3, early warning of 35 hours ahead of flood; the alarming discharge of station of Cha Hekou is 1600m3/s, alarming level is 20.5m, early warning of22 hours ahead of flood; the alarming discharge of station of Kuluklangan is 1800m3/s, alarming level is 9m, early warning of 7.5hours ahead of flood.(3) Flood hazard indication maps as part of monitoring and early warning of floods, FloodArea model using ARCGIS platform draws on Kaqong station 6000m3/s and 2000m3/s two typical scenarios of flood hazard indication maps.The maps intuitive show flood water depth, flow velocity and submerged area, so as to indicate the degree of floodplains throughout the flood disaster, to provide basis for flood control headquarters at all levels of command for flood control,disaster relief.