Aevelopment Of Human Comfort Model Influenced By High Temperature And Application On Southern Cities Of Ohina

In recent years, urban high temperature disasters appear frequently with the background of global climate change. As people are working and living in concentration places in urban area, a lot of industrial emission rise while area of green and water decline. Both situations increase the concentration of greenhouse gases in the air, and the urban heat island effect. Therefore, Quantitative analysis of human comfort temperature of major cities and time-varying characteristics of the spatial distribution will have important application value and significance in urban rational planning, development and utilization, urban ecosystems and sustainable development.This paper takes 14 cities including municipalities, province capitals and cities with separate planning along Yangtze River and south of Yangtze River as research area. We analysis temporal and spatial of summer heat and comfort conditions during 1981-2013a. The research includes investigating the effects of different factors on human comfort and parts of statistical characteristics; comparing several diffirent human comfot model widely uesd and screening the appropriate model; desining a new summer comfort model based on high temperature and the model which promoted by region characteristics on the screening one; applicating the model on cities’ human comfot and observing the changing characteristics in time and space scales; deviding the cities by monthly distribution according to the human comfort model.The main conclusions include:Extreme high temperature difference between 14 cities is insignificant. Chongqing stands on the top,6 cities exceeded the high temperature red warning line which all appeared after 1995a. The average relative humidity is 77.7%. Coastal cities is generally higher than inland ones. The average annual sunshine time reaches 5.8 h/d and the average sunshine percentage reached 44.3%. Chongqing minimum duration of sunshine while Nanchang has the longest. There are 2 obvious shinning time characteristics which stand both inland cities are longer than the coaster ones and cities with high altitude are longer than the low ones. Chongqing has the greatest temperature diurnal while others share small differences with an average daily range of 7.47 ℃/d including Shenzhen which has the most narrow gap.High temperature comfortable index variation in 14 cities during 33 years is considered in the paper. Index of all cities declined with different rise rate except Guiyang, Shenzhen, Nanning. Unit of 10-year is used to estimate urban comfortable index in periods among cities. Cities with highest index during 4 periods are Fuzhou; Wuhan; Wuhan; Chongqing. There is a moving trend going from south to north with the uncomfortable region covered in comparison. It is more vulnerable to suffer high temperature heat waves attacking that is proved by the rising index value among cities on Yangtze river coastland. The 4 cities with highest index from June to July are Fuzhou, Wuhan, Wuhan and Chongqing in contrast. The uncomfortable days of all cities go upwards except Guiyang, Shenzhen, Nanning. It is rising in most of cities that incidence of grade 4 and grade 3 of uncomfortable days, and it proves more obvious on cities Yangtze river coastland. Different characteristics are presented in different cities in meteorological Factors comparison. However, temperature, humidity, heat accumulation in the city is a positive contribution while temperature daily range and wind speed is negative.According to the index classification, the cities are divided into 4-5 categories from discomfort to comfort.5 classes are divided in June. Wuhan is in 1st class, Fuzhou is in 2nd, Guangzhou and Nanning are in 3rd, Xiamen and Shenzhen are in 4th, and the others are in 5th.5 classes are divided in July. Wuhan is in 1st class, Fuzhou is in 2nd, Hefei and Hangzhou, Nanchang, Changsha are in 3rd, Chongqing in 4th, and the others are in 5th.5 classes are divided in August. Chongqing is in 1st class, Wuhan is in 2nd, Fuzhou, Hefei, Hangzhou, Changsha, Nanchang are in 3rd, Xiamen, Shenzhen, Nanning, Guangzhou are in 4th, and the others are in 5th.4 classes are divided in September. Chongqing is in 1st class, Shenzhen is in 2nd, Wuhan, Nanchang, Hangzhou are in 3rd, and the others are in 4th. Overall, the heat duration of the low-latitude cities is longer, but the strength is not so hard. However, Yangtze Basin has the short duration but greater strength.