| This thesis conducts research to the diversities of spiders species in some tourist caves in Guizhou Province including the Hebian Cave of Lover valley, Tianhetan Cave, Bailong Cave and Zhijin Cave. In the 539 specimens of spides collected, these specimens belong to 24 species, 10 undefined species. They belong to 3 families and 18 genera, 1 species is found first time in Guizhou. There are 10 species spiders found in the Hebian Cave of Lover valley, which belong to 7 families and 9 genera; 3 species found in Tianhetan Cave belong to 3 families and 3 genera; 8 species found in Bailong Cave belong to 6 families and 8 genera; 14 species found in Zhijin Cave belong to 11 families and 12 genera.Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the Hebian Cave of Lover valley is 1.7655, uniformity index is 0.7667, dominance index is 0.2437, and richness index is 1.6832; Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the Tianhetan Cave is 0.8443, uniformity index is 0.9275, dominance index is 0.4991, and richness index is 0.4564; Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the Bailong Cave is 1.8720, uniformity index is 0.9002, dominance index is 0.1782, and richness index is 1.6831; Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the Zhijin Cave is 2.3006, uniformity index is 0.8718, dominance index is 0.1423, and richness index is 2.4903.According to the analysis of spiders community diversities in different light area of 4 tourist caves, the conclusion is: three caves of weak light of spider community’s Shannon-Wiener diversity index and richness index are larger than the light areas and the dark areas, so spiders species of weak light area of tourist caves outnumber other areas, with light area and dark area’s spiders species have intersection in weak area, and number of the spiders species in weak area will be more. It also facilitate dark area and light area with spiders species exchange genetic material; light area’s uniformity index in three tourist caves is bigger than light area and dark area, presumably the individual spider in the cave niche of equilibrium of distribution is larger than the weak area and the dark area. The analysis of the spider community in different area and 4 tourist caves:(1) Close to the distance between the caves, there is no geographical location of the block, the spider community of between the two caves above medium level of similar;(2) The cave spiders by geographic isolation factors influence are bigger, and a lot of mountains and valleys of Guizhou province, once have such factors, the spider community of the two cave is not below medium level of similar;(3) In the same cave but different light areas, the similarity of spider community is above middle level.Through the analysis of the stable isotope 15 N of the spiders in tourist caves, here are the results:(1) Smaller individuals. The amount of δ13C enrichment is greater, they eat less food, which showed the negative correlation;(2) The same kind of spiders in δ13C with dark area is large amount of enrichment than light area, showing that spiders in dark areas in tourist caves hae sufficient source of food.Through the analysis of the stable isotope 15 N of the spiders in 2 tourist caves, here are the results:(1) By Spartaeus platnicki to speculate that Trogloxene spiders in weak area cave do not eat in 2 to3 months while δ15N enrichment decreased during this period;(2) By comparing the spider’s δ15N value in weak area of Hebian Cave of Lover valley, we can speculate that the individual is smaller, the δ15N value greater(Size difference in more than 10 times), as the same individual spiders activity ability, the greater the δ15N value, and Trogloxene in the cave of the spider delta δ15N value significantly less than Troglophile spiders and Troglobiont spiders. The spider trophic level is between 3.041~3.357 in light area, between 3.530~3.923 in weak area, and about 4.112 in dark area. Keywoods : tourist caves, spider community, community diversity, stable... |
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