| Michelia fulgens Dandy belongs to the Magnoliaceae Michelia, and it is evergreen tree, and is used of perfume, medicinal, ornamental etc. M. fulgens Dandy is a kind of precious plants which has great potential application value. This experiment was conducted to study the seed properties, morphology, composition, dormancy and germination, aging and anti-oxidation system, essential oil’s extraction process, quality and component etc. In order to lay the foundation for the comprehensive development and utilization of M. fulgens Dandy. The results are as follows:1、Research on seed properties and morphology of M. fulgens Dandy shows that: M. fulgens Dandy seed moisture content is 6.72%±1.38%, thousand seed weigh is 56.73g±2.45g; The shape of seeds are nearly heart-shaped or inverted triangle, and the top slightly pointed or obtuse, the base of the seeds have hila, the color of the testa is brown or dark brown, delicate texture, the surface smooth or bump; The inner seed coat is membranous, translucent, the kernel is full, pale- yellow white, have two cotyledon, much oil, little smell, light taste, have greasy feeling. The shape of seed is small, fruit shape index is 0.94, the length is 6.63 mm±0.63 mm, the width is 6.77 mm ±0.96 mm, the thickness is 3.44 mm ±0.35 mm.2、Analysis on M. fulgens Dandy seed composition shows that: Soluble sugar content of M. fulgens Dandy seed is 15.94% ± 0.61%, crude fat content of seeds is 45.06% ± 2.54%, protein content is 11.63% ± 0.41%; There are identified 8 kinds chemical compound in the oil of M. fulgens Dandy seed, among 4 kinds saturated fatty acid( Myristic acid, Palmitic acid, Stearic acid, Arachidic acid), the content of 22.566%, 5 kinds unsaturated fatty acid( Palmitoleic acid, Oleic acid, Linoleic acid, Linolenic acid, Eicosenoic acid), the total contents of up to 77.434%, M. fulgens Dandy seeds with low protein content, but have rich variety of amino acids(17 kinds), however, the content of amino acid is relatively less.3、Measure of seed dormancy and germination of M. fulgens Dandy shows that: the seed vigor of M. fulgens Dandy is 69.5%, seeds have dormancy phenomenon, after seed germinating in the sand and stone, seed germination need about 37 days, the number of days of germination lasting approximately 35 days. M. fulgens Dandy seed’s epicotyl elongated on germination process, the cotyledon is higher than the ground. The height and width were in positive correlation, at the whole growth of seedling, all of the height and the ground diameter appeared the obvious of the growth law with "slow-fast-slow". When the temperature is low, the grow of M. fulgens Dandy will have some influences, most seedlings leaves will become yellow or wither, even some seedling will death.4、Study on seed aging and anti-oxidation system of M. fulgens Dandy shows that: the M. fulgens Dandy seed, catalase(CAT) activity is 57.170 ± 0.38 mg H2O2·g-1Fw·min-1, ascorbate peroxidase(APX) activity of is 6.071u·g-1·min-1, Peroxidase(POD) activity is 0.412Fw·min-1·g-1, the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive products(TBARS) is 0.219nmol·L-1, the concentration of malondialdehyde(MDA) is 0.521umol·g-1。5、Research on essential oil’s extraction process and quality evaluation of M. fulgens Dandy different organ shows that:(1)It is different about the extraction conditions of essential oil, among them, leaves: soaking time is 6h, distillation time is 5h, solid-liquid ratio is 1:8; arillus: soaking time is 3h, distillation time is 7h, solid-liquid ratio is 1:6; petals: soaking time is 2h, distillation time is 6h, solid-liquid ratio is 1:8; stamens: soaking time is 1h, distillation time is 7h, solid-liquid ratio is 1:10; pistils: soaking time is 2h, distillation time is 7h, solid-liquid ratio is 1:8; bracts:soaking time is 3h, distillation time is 6h, solid-liquid ratio is 1:12.(2)Three factors which are soaking time, distillation time and solid-liquid ratio make impact on the extrac tion of essential oil rate in different organs have discrepancy between primary and secondary relations: leaves, soaking time ﹥ solid-liquid ratio ﹥distillation time; petals, soaking time ﹥solid-liquid ratio ﹥distillation time; stamens, solid-liquid ratio ﹥ distillation time ﹥ soaking time; pistils, solid-liquid ratio ﹥soaking time ﹥distillation time, bracts, distillation time ﹥solid-liquid ratio ﹥soaking time.(3)There is a great difference in essential oil content in different organs, the content of essential oil in turn: arillus(1.931%) > leaves(1.878%) > buds(1.859%) > pistils(1.270%) > stamens(0.713%) > annual stems(0.598%) > petals(0.357%) > bracts(0.163%) > two years’ stems(0.082%);(4)The essential oil of M. fulgens Dandy different organs, as the index to color, persistence, degree of flavor, transparency and taste of flavor, in the order of the comprehensive evaluation : leaves > buds > annual stems > two years’ stems > stamens > pistils > arillus > petals.6、Analysis to essential oil’s component of M. fulgens Dandy different organs shows that:A total of fifty-two kinds chemical compounds were detected in eight kinds of M. fulgens organs( leaves, annual stems, two-years stems, arillus, petals, stamens, pistils and bracts), there are some differences chemical compounds kinds of the essential oil which is extracted from different organs. Leaves have 14 kinds, annual stems have 16 kinds, two years’ stems have 14 kinds, arillus have 19 kinds, petals have 11 kinds, stamens have 17 kinds, pistils have 17 kinds and bracts have 16 kinds. No one of the detected compounds is 8 organs have in common, and there are 28 kinds of compounds are present in at least two organs, and accounted for most of the essential oil(>87%). All the detected compounds are more sesquiterpenes, a small amount of terpenoid and terpenecontaining oxygen derivatives, some of them belong to acid ester compounds. |
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