Inventory Of Gasteroid Fungi And Taxonomy Of Lycoperdaceae And Geastraceae From Jilin Province

As a specific groups, gasteroid fungi played an important role in phylogeny of whole fungi, but views of classification ahout this group has existed from many taxonomists for many years. Based on the specimens collected from Jilin province and several hebariums, Gasteroid fungi of Jilin Province were studied, and also the taxonomy of Lycoperdaceae was also carried out.A total of 56 species belonging to 14 genera were identified from specimens(more than 400) collected from 2013-2014 in Jilin and specimens preserved at Herbarium Mycology of Jilin Agriculture University(HMJAU). In which 5 species, Bovista aestivalis(Bonord.)Demoulin, Bovista oblongispora(Lloyd), Bovista promontorii Kreisel, Morganella afra Kreisel & Dring, Morganella afra Kreisel & Dring, Scleroderma michiganense(Guzmán) Guzmán, and Geastrum schweinitzii(Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Zeller, are new to China, and 4 new to Jilin Provincespecies, Bovista aenea Kreisel, Lycoperdon lividum Pers., Lycoperdon hongkongense Berk. & M.A. Curtis, and Scleroderma paradoxum G.W. Beaton, were also reporded. A list of gasteroid fungi, key to the genera and key to the species of each genus were all available. Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of 25 species of Lycoperdaceae and 6 species of Geastraceae in Jilin were described in detail.Spores and capillitium of pullballs were surveyed under scanning electron microscope. We found that the majority of such spores are ornamented, and showing different shapes: spike, thorn warts, cylindrical projection, or projecting angular warts, with pedicel or absent, long or short. Capillitium smooth or with pores, pores shapes: round, ellipse or irregular, scattered or dense, multi-branched or unbranched, or with stout short spines.Based on the phylogenetic trees of LSU sequences, Lycoperdaceae was verified to transferred to Agariaceae. ITS of several genera in Lycoperdaceae wasanalyzed, the result support Lycoperdon pyriforme moved to Morganella,but mainstream views of Classification are adopted in this article, so we continue to use the name Lycoperdon pyriforme.