The Synthesis Andapplication Of Intumescent Flame Retardant

Polyolefin is light weight, low toxicity, good electrical insulation and mechanical, sothat it used in electric wire and cable electronic electric appliance equipment and chemicalindustry widely. However the oxygen index is low so that it was burned easily and burningit showed Melting behavior, that limited greatly the polyolefin more widely used. So peoplepay more and more attention to modified the flame retardant for polyolefin materials,currently, used in the flame retardant polyolefin mainly includes halogen flame retardants,inorganic flame retardants and inflation flame retardant. Although the flame retardantefficiency of halogen flame retardants is high, the price is cheap relatively, but itsenvironmental pollution is serious, so that has been limited. Inorganic flame retardants is freefor environment, but the efficiency of flame retardant is low, the adding amount is larger, thisis a great damage for the mechanical properties of the polymer materials. However theintumescent flame retardants is halogen-free flame retardant, low toxicity, low smoke andlow damage for mechanical properties of the material, has become the focus in the field offlame retardant. Intumescent flame retardants is high loading and incompatibility with thepolymer.In order to solve these problems, taking polyethylene (PE）and polypropylene (PP) asmatrix, we have done the works as following:1. MAIFR which was prepared from Pentaerythritol phosphate-Melamine formaldehyderesin that was a Capsule material and Ammonium Polyphosphatehe（APP） was a Corematerial was synthesized. Ti was introduced to improve the flame retardancy. Horizontalflame test showed that when the elements are P: M=2:1and APP:(P+M)=5:6, TiO2is0.5%，the flame retardancy is best. In order to improve production rate and reduce thedissolution of the APP, we used acetone, ethanol and tetrahydrofuran as solvent in theexperimental process, not only the effect without changes almost and the solvent can’tevaporate out completely and produce the by-products easily and impact performance, so weuseed the liquor of filter out for solvent, that can save cost and can play recycling andreducing pollution.2. The compatibility of MAIFR and PP is poor, In order to change the compatibilityofMAIFR and PP，The coupling function of titanate coupling agent in polypropylene/intumescent flame-retardant (PP/IFR) composite was studied in this paper. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Polarization microscope (POM) showed that the introduction ofTTOPP made the dispersion of IFR particles and the size of spherulite of PP became uniform；X-ray diffraction (XRD) research showed that TTOPP can promote the formation of β-formPP. The test results proved that the adhesions between PP and MAIFR was enhanced byTTOPP. The infrared spectra showed that TTOPP and MAIFR are almost no reaction, TTOPPand MAIFR reacted through molecular inter-atomic forces. PP/MAIFR/TTOPP=75/25/0.375has the optimal performance, its impact strength and tensile strength were improved by14.0％and12.0％than that of PP/IFR, respectively, and the extinguish time decreased to24s. Experiments showed that TTOPP was an effective coupling agent for PP/IFR.3. The tenacity of PP is better, but the toughness greatly reduced after join MAIFR intoPP. In order to solve the problem, we syntheticed different composition, differentpolymerization degree of resin with the adipic acid and glycol, phthalic anhydridetrimethylolpropane pentaerythritol and1.2-propylene alcohol as materials, and added to theflame retardants, in order to improve the toughness of the composite materials.