Study On Preparation And Properties Of Different Rubber Foam Oil-absorbing Materials

In this paper, natural rubber and butadiene rubber with excellent performance were chosen asthe main matrix, azodicarbonamide(AC) as the foaming agent to prepared three kinds of oilabsorbent foam material: Butadiene Rubber foam oil absorption material, Natural rubber foam oilabsorption material and blending BR/NR foam oil absorption material by simple machiningmethods.In the first part of our study(chapter3): butadiene rubber (BR) was chosen as matrix. First, theAC foaming agent was not added, the effects of vulcanization degree, different amount ofdicumylperoxide(DCP) and curing temperature on the oil absorptivity of the basic formula werestudied. The results showed that the oil absorbency reached the highest value about of35g/g with0.8phr DCP, curing temperature at165℃, but it need about36hto reach saturation. Then we addeddifferent amount of AC foaming agent into the basic formula, the close and open cell foammaterials were prepared by the molding method and free foaming method. The effects of therelationship between density and oil absorbency of different curing time were investigated. Theresults showed that the best foaming agent amount was6phr, under the optimal conditions, openand close cell foam materials could reach about35g/g, but required to the time of reachingsaturation is shortened, the closed cell foam need about24h to reach saturation, and open-cellfoam material15min could achieve a higher rate (25g/g) and was able to reach saturation about2h. And the thermal properties of materials were analyzed by thermal gravimetric analyzer, as wellas the structure of foam material with the help of desktop Scanning Electron Microscope, and thedensity of the foam materials were tested by density meter.In the second part of our study(chapter4): natural rubber (NR) was chosen as a matrix, theeffects of vulcanization degree and curing temperature on the oil absorptivity of different amountAC foaming agent were studied. Then under the optimum conditions, we used the molding andfree foaming method to prepared of the close and open-cell foam materials. Its oil absorption rateand oil retention rate was studied, as well as the structure of foam material with the help of desktopScanning Electron Microscope, and the density of the foam materials were tested by density meter.The results showed that the best foaming agent amount was8phr and curing temperature of175℃,under the optimal conditions, the largest oil absorption ratio of the closed-cell foam material prepared by molding method was about45g/g; while the open-cell foam material was about42g/g,but it needed shorter time to be saturated and initial oil absorption rate was fast, oil retention ratewas poor. And the oil adsorption properties of open-cell materials were tested under the staticcondition.In the third part of our study(chapter5): With natural rubber and butadiene rubber as thematrix, use of mechanical processing and molding foaming method, the NR/BR compound foamoil absorption material was prepared. The optimum ratio of the natural rubber and butadiene rubberwas determined by study on the effect of oil absorptivity under different temperature and curingdegree. The results showed that the oil absorbency reached the highest value about48g/g under thebest formula for composite oil absorption material which was NR=90phr, BR=10phr AC=8phr.Then the pore structure was observed by desktop Scanning Electron Microscope, and the relationsbetween the ratio of rubber and foam pore structure was analyzed. And the thermal propertiesof the different ratio samples were analyzed by thermal gravimetric analyzer, as well as the densityof the foam materials were tested by density meter.