Synthesis And Characterization Of Biomass-based Carbon Nanotubes

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are one-dimensional structure of nanomaterials. It wasdiscovered by Iijima in1991. The virtue of its unique structure, excellent physical andchemical properties made CNTs be a focus after two decades of scientific research onmaterials science. Template method is one kind of methods for preparing carbon nanotubes.Porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) is a commonly used inorganic template. In this paper,we used corn stalks, other biomass resources and cyclohexane as carbon source. We usedtemplates and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) to preparate carbon nanotubes in differentdiameters scales and than successfully prepared. Raman spectroscopy, scanning electronmicroscopy and transmission electron microscopy and other testing methods were used onproving the structure and properties of carbon nanotubes and also made detailedcharacterization and reasonable analysis.Firstly, low-carbon organic reagents such as acetic acid were used and lignin andcellulose were obtained from corn stalk and straw. It was proved that the structure of celluloseand lignin by X-powder diffraction and infrared spectral.Secondly, the AAO template was used to preparate lignin-based carbon nanotubes.Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopyresults showed that carbon nanotubes prepared with high quality, pure, low curvature andstraight tube body.Thirdly, we used organic solvents cyclohexane as carbon source by CVD in a tubularresistance furnace with argon as the carrier gas, ferrocene as catalyst under high temperatureconditions to preparate carbon nanotubes. By Raman spectroscopy, scanning electronmicroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and other test methods to characterize themorphology and structure of carbon nanotubes. in addition, we also attempt to explore thetemplate method and CVD growth mechanism of carbon nanotubes prepared.Finally, in order to achieve full utilization of biomass resources, and expande its usingfield, we explored the initial preparation and functional properties of the displacing agent. Wedeveloped a new efficient oil-displacing agent by corn stalk and probe the oil-absorbing effectof displacing agent.The innovation of this thesis is the choice of carbon source to preparate carbonnanotubes. Cheap, easy got, and widely distributed corn stalk and straw as the main rawmaterial for synthesizing carbon nanotubes replaced the current preparation of carbonnanotubes in common organic solvents. It is no toxic in preparation process on extracting from corn stalk and straw. It is a highlighting concept of green chemistry compared withlow-carbon organic solvents and gaseous hydrocarbons. It is important to improve theutilization of renewable resources, avoiding the burning of straw and other agriculturalwasting pollution to the environment judging from the perspective of resource utilization.Corn stalks and hay as raw material widely costs. We expect that the preparation process ofbiomass-based carbon nanotubes will have a very broad market prospects.