Comparative Study Of The Differences Of Environmental Remediation Conditions In Mining Wasteland

Coal is one of the important energy in the world. Ecological environment damage of abandoned lands of the increasing coal mine area is becoming more and more serious. Coal mine waste occupies a large amount of land resources. Ecological environment restoration of mining lands is an important task of social development of human being.In this paper, abandoned lands of Germany Osnabrueck mining area and China Datong mining area are taken as the research object. By means of the survey of regional environment and the analysis of physical and chemical properties of mining soil samples, differences of physic-geographical conditions, soil characteristics, human activity and national environmental laws are studied. Abandoned land multi-factor comprehensive evaluation of soil fertility analysis of the two mining areas is based on the entropy attribute recognition model. The results are as following.(1) There is no significant difference in landform, climatic condition and hydrogeological condition between Osnabrueck mining area and Datong mining area, which is benefit to the growth of plants. The terrain of Osnabrueck mining area is the low mountain hilly landscape, and the terrain ups and downs. The relative height difference is about200meter. Because of the marine climate, it is warm in winter and cool in summer, with annual average temperature of9.0℃, and the temperature is stable. Due to the effects of the monsoon, rainfall is rich in the mine with the highly fragmented time and space distribution. Datong mining area belongs to warm temperate semi-humid monsoon climate zone, with frequent summer rain, cold and dry winter. The annual average temperature is15.3℃, and the temperature is unstable. Although the water tables of the both coal mining abandoned lands are high, the one of Datong mine area is becoming lower and lower with the continuous mining of small coalmines.(2) Taking effects of soil physical and chemical properties of the two coal mining abandoned lands into consideration, Datong coal mining abandoned land is better than Osnabrueck coal mining abandoned land for plants growth. Both of the two mine areas are infertile. Meanwhile, the soil of Osnabrueck abandoned land contains is with less nutrients, and salinity and weak acid character appears.(3)It shows a significant difference in cultural conditions of the two coal mining abandoned lands. The ecological environment of the Osnabrueck abandoned land is less affected by human activities, thus ecological environment natural succession repair process of the mining area is in benign development. However, the ecological succession process of the Datong abandoned land is seriously affected, because of the constant damage of human activities accompanying with its self-healing.(4) With the comparison of environmental legislation of the two countries, it shows that sufficient laws and regulations about environmental governance of abandoned lands of mines are put into effect in German. Although a lot emphasis is put on environmental governance of abandoned lands, laws and regulations are deficient and short of effective implementation.