Control Strategy And Simulation For Tool Axis Vector In Multi-axis Machining Of Spatical Curved Surface

Space curved surface parts are widely used in aerospace, automobile, shippingand so on. Its complex structure and large surface distortion degree make it belong tothe typical hardly machining parts. This article chooses the grading impeller as theresearch object and explores the control strategy for the tool axis vector duringprocessing and simulation technology.(1) This paper chooses the curvature and arbor interference of the tool as thestudy objects. Establish the universal model of the effective cutting radius of the toolbased on the cutting contact points in the surface of the grading impeller. Consideringthe effect of the anteversion and roll angle, I establish a rotating model of the outersurface of the tool. Obtain the non-interference range of the inclination angle of thetool axis by solving the interference model. Explore the general rules of theirinfluences on the tool’s pose.(2) Deeply analyze the nonlinear error phenomenon generated in the rotating axisprocessing on the theory premise of linear interpolation of the motion axis. Thendivide it into trajectories error and angular error. Establish the error solving modelbased on the machine kinematics and get the conclusion that the maximum value ofthe error appeared in the midpoint of the theory tool path. Then, the method of linearinterpolation in midpoint is used to reduce the error.(3) Choose the nonlinear error as criterion and make smoothing treatment for thetool axis vector of the newly inserted points by using Spline curve’s continuouscharacteristics for first and second order derivative in all data points. Makeinterference check for the curvature and arbor, then we can get thereasonable distribution of cutter axis vector direction and meet the requirements ofnonlinear error or the cutter axis vector smoothness.By researching the curvature and arbor interference, this paper has establishedthe calculation model of tilt angle and introduced the Spline curve to make tool axisvector smooth. Finally simulate it in VERICUT and process a nylon bar. The researchresults in this topic have been verified in the vertical five-axis machining center withdouble turntable construction, providing an important theoretical basis and practicalsignificance for the processing of multi-axis complex parts.