The Adjustment And Application Of Wettability On The Surface Of Fabric

Wettability is one of the most important properties of solid surfaces. In recent years, specialwettable surface, including superhydrophobic surface, super hydrophilic surface andultra-lipophilic surface hydrophilic oleophobic surface, has a broad application prospects in dailylife and industrial production, which captured the extensive attention of many researchers.The rapid establishment of superhydrophobic surface of textile, the preparation ofmultifunctional superhydrophobic surface and the build of surface in oil-water separation werestudied in this paper. The main contents and conclusions are as follows:（1）Preparation of superhydrophobic surface based on electrostatic flocking technology.The superhydrophobic surface of cotton was successfully constructed based on Electrostaticflocking technology and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface modification, and the processcondition of modification with PDMS on the rough surface were discussed. Contact angle tester,martindale friction tester and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize themorphology and hydrophobicity of the cotton. The results indicated that the modification worksbest when volume ratio of PDMS and n-heptane is1:20, bath ratio is1:20, the processingtemperature is60℃and treatment time is3h. The electrostatic flocking fabrics showsuperhydrophobicity with a water contact angle larger than150°. The surpydrophobity surfaceexhibits good abrasion resistance and durability.（2）Preparation of superhydrophobic and conductive textile based on chemical platingmethod.Polyester fabrics was first treated using chemical copper-plating method to build micro/nanostructure. The Superhydrophobic and oleophobic conductive fabrics were fabricated withpolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to generate the group with low surface energy on the Cu-planted polyester fabrics, and the process condition of modification with PDMS were discussed. Theproperties of amphiphobic polyester fabrics including surface morphology, element distribution,amphiphobicity and electrical conductivity were also investigated with scanning electronmicroscope (SEM), Contact angle tester and Square resistance tester. The results showed that themodification works best when volume ratio of PDMS and n-heptane is1:20, bath ratio is1:20, theprocessing temperature is70℃and treatment time is2h. The contact angle of the modifiedpolyester fabrics with water and n-hexadecane were152.0oand120.7o, respectively. Thehydrophobic contact angle of the fabric keeped at137.8°after rubbing800times. The fabrics hadexcellent conductivity（the sheet resistance is about110mΩ）and anti-electromagnetic shieldingcapacity with up to50dB.（3） Preparation of oil-water separation based on polyester mesh which hassuper-hydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic nature.The alkali reduction treatment of polyester was studied to prepare the surface roughness withsurface etching, and the fabric surface was chemically treated for increasing its hydrophilicity witha hydrophilic finishing agent （PERSOFTAL HP）. The hydrophilic properties, fracture strength,underwater oleophobic capacity, oil-water separation efficiency, the resistance to hydraulicproperties and the surface morphology of the modified fabrics were tested. The results indicatedthat the hydrophilic and oleophobic performance is better when the concentration of NaOHsolution is35g/L with the alkaline obviously etching of polyester mesh and the smaller breakingstrength loss. The hydrophobicity of the fabrics increased with the alkali reduction treatment,while the breaking strength slightly decreased. With further hydrophilic finishing, the hydrophobiccontact angle dropped to0°and oleophobic capacity rised to150°or more underwater. Theoil-water separation efficiency and resistance to hydraulic performance of modified polyestermesh were enhanced.