The Research Of Extraction And Enrichment Of Horse Oil Unsaturated Fatty Acid

Xinjiang is one of the important places of horse producing, which has a large number of horse fatresources. Horse fat is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid and linoleic acid.Horse fat is anexcellent natural antioxidant.This paper focuses on the study of horse oil for the reason that Xinjiang is endowed with abundantresources of horses, while studies on the processing technic and the exploitation and utilization of horse oilare few. This paper took horse oil as material, enzyme method was adopted to extract horse oil; then, thecrude horse oil was put through an esterification process, and the ester property of the horse oil obtained isproved to be stable, which can be easily absorbed by human body and stored conveniently. The influencingfactors and the parameters of esterification process of horse oil were also studied, after which moleculardistillation of unsaturated fatty acid that is rich in horse oil was studied and optimized, and the quality ofhorse oil and its ester was analyzed and compared. The following results were drawn.(1) Enzymatic method was used in the extraction of horse oil in this paper to study the influencefactors on the extraction ratio of horse oil. On the basis of single-factor experiments, orthogonal experimentwas adopted to optimize the process conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis extraction of horse oil. Results: theoptimum process parameters were determined: enzymolysis temperature55℃, enzymolysis time2.5h,amount of enzyme2000U/g, pH6.5. Under the optimal condition, the extraction rate of horse oil was74.74%.(2) Base catalysis method was adopted in esterification of horse oil to study the influence factors onthe ethyl esterification process of horse oil. After being analyzed and optimized through single-factorexperiments and response surface methodology, the optimum process parameters were determined: catalystconcentration1%, alcohol-oil ratio7:1, reaction temperature75℃, reaction time130min. Under theoptimal condition, the transesterification rate was93.52%.(3) Enrichment of unsaturated fatty acid by molecular distillation technology was studied, along withthe analysis of single factor experiments and response surface methodology, the final optimization resultswere drawn: operating pressure13Pa, distillation temperature119℃, scraper speed400r/min, feed speed130mL/h. Under the optimal condition, the unsaturated fatty acid content was83.74%.(4) Quality of horse oil and its ethyl ester was analysed in this paper, and the properties of horse oilwere compared with other oils and fats. The results showed that the free fatty acid content of horse oil isrelatively higher than other animal oils, but the horse oil was susceptible to get oxidized. Through the gaschromatography test, the fatty acid composition and content of horse oil were determined. The resultsshowed that horse oil contains a variety of fatty acids, including a large number of unsaturated fatty acid,among which oleic acid and linoleic acid were the main components. The unsaturated fatty acid content ofunrefined horse oil was59.81%, and82.95%of refined horse oil.