Structure Design Of Laser Metal Powder Forming Machine And Related Experimental Study

In recent years, as a new type of Innovative manufacturing technology, rapid prototyping has obtained rapid development and promotion. With the propaganda of media, people learn and apply rapid prototyping in more and more deep degree. Based on the characteristics of fast speed of forming parts-. low demand of component complexity and high rate of material recycling, rapid prototyping technology has been widely used in military, aerospace, automotive, life sciences and other fields.Some metal parts with special properties and complex structure such as aircraft engine turbine disk always widely used in the field of aerospace and weapon equipment etc., but in manufacturing of these parts, there are some problems such as high energy consumption、serious pollution、long cycle, high cost of manufacturing. With commonly use of titanium or nickel based high temperature alloy and other special expensive materials, using traditional machining technology will make manufacturing process difficult and waste a lot of material; using casting technology is able to manufacture complex structure, but the process is complicated, it is difficult to control forming and parts exist defects; using die forging technology will overcome castings’shortcomings such as poor performance etc., but the requirements of expensive tooling and special equipment make cost very high. Based on the above reasons, without fixture, rapid prototyping use laser beam to melt metal power selectively step by step; then, get uniform and fine metallurgical structure through rapid solidification; finally, forming metal parts through cumulative growth. The material utilization rate and density reached100percent, The size precision can reach the industrial requirements.Selective laser melting fully melts metal powder in selective region, and there is almost no solid organization, then, in the reason of liquid tension, there will be some "gather ball"phenomenon, so it is important to strictly control process parameters and scanning path in order to suppress this phenomenon. In this process, searching the relationship between the process parameters in order to obtain good molding effect, and this is the research object of this paper.The principle of3D printing technology has very good reference value for the subject, as a result of high cost of developing laser metal forming equipment, before developing laser metal forming equipment this paper conducted a series of studies for3D printing technology. Based on the study and learning of the principle of3D printing technology, this paper put forward a set of transmission plan of3D printers, and selection plan screw and synchronous belt according to specific parameters, then make some improvement aiming at the problems existing in the experiment and obtain good actual result. At the same time, this subject develop a set of laser metal powder forming equipment, and in the later process of improvement, design a set of feasible four bar mechanism in order to solve the problem that scraper is difficult to load and unload in the actual operation. This paper discussed the necessity and rationality of adding process support in selective laser melting, defined a set of structure parameters for process support, explained their specific meaning and the influence that changing their value will bring about. Finally, according to the research objectives, this paper designed a group of experimental models which have significant difference, determined the optimal molding process parameters to complete the experiment according to the actual effect, then put forward empirical formula on the base of analysis of experimental results and obtaining shaping law, this law provides a theoretical basis for the design of supporting structure.