Study On The Preperation And Application Of Polyaniline Nanofiber Material

In this thesis, PANI and PANI/CeO2nano composite materials were prepared by a chemical method. XRD, SEM, UV-Vis, DSC-TG and FT-IR measure methods were applied to characteristic the materials. The results showed that the energy level of the hightest occupied molecular orbit, the energy level of the lowest un-occupied molecular orbit and the energy gap of PANI are EHOMO=-4.827eV, ELUMO=-3.347eV and Eg=1.48eV, respectively. The energy band structure is lower than the maximum luminous flux of solar radiation. Therefore, it can be used as a photoelectric transformation material of photovoltaic device. PANI/CeO2has a net structure and a physical interaction exists between PANI molecular chain and cerium atom. In addition, it is noticed that the maximum abosorption wavelength of the composite material in ultraviolet-visible range moves long and the band gap narrows down after PANI is composited with CeO2.The electrocatalysis of pure Pt electrode and Pt-modified by PANI/CeO2electrode for formic acid oxidation was studied in a three-electrode system. The results show that the electrocatalysis of PANI/CeO2/Pt is better than that of pure Pt. In certain formic acid concentration range, oxidation peak current density increases with the concentration. Formic acid oxidation process is controled by diffusion kinetics in the mix aqueous solution of1.0～1.8mol·L-1formic acid and0.1mol·L-1sulfuric acid.In this thesis, nano neodymium oxide was also prepared by citrate sol-gel method. DSC-TG, XRD and SEM experiment methods were used to characteristic it. At the same time, the influence of calcining temperature and pH on crystal lattice and particle size were researched. The results indicate that the cubic Nd2O3converts into hexagon completely after calcined for3hours at900℃. Nevertheless, the particle size enlarges slightly and the aggregation effect enhances. As a p-type and n-type semi-conductor, respectively, PANI and Nd2O3prepared in the research were applied to active materials for assembling ITO/PANI/Nd2O3/ITO photovoltaic device, respectively. The influences of Nd2O3calcined temperature on the photovoltaic performance were studied. The results show that the best photovoltaic performance can be achieved when Nd2O3is prepared on900℃. In the case, the open circuit voltage Uoc=101.23mV, the short circuit current Isc=48μA and the fill factor FF=44.3%when the illumination intensity (solar simulator) is100mW·cm-2.