Study On The Tourism Economy Growth Of China And Its Determinants

China's tourism economy has remained steep rise since 1978. With this rapid development during the past 30 years, tourism industry has become a great industry of the national economy and played a more important role in the society. As its importance in economic and social development is increasing, tourism industry has been regarded as the key industry of the tertiary industry, the first industry among new industries of tertiary industry, key industries of national economy, new economic growth source of national economy at different times. On Dec.1st,2009, Executive meetings of the State Council discussed and adopted the"Opinions of the State Council on Accelerating the Development of Tourism Industry", in this documents, tourism has been established as a strategic pillar industry of national economy.However, tourism industry, an industry which has been valued highly by governments of all levels and industry circles, did not enjoy its significant economic growth advantage in accord with the great amount of input of labor and capital. In recent years, the proportion of total tourism income in GDP has not seen the rise, but has been decreasing year by year. Furthermore, the proportion of total tourism income in tertiary industry has been at a standstill. The growth rate of tourism industry was the slowest, in comparison with the information, real estate and auto industry which were defined as a new source of economic growth of national economy together with tourism in 1998.For chapter 1 is the introductory, and a theoretical review is the second chapter. In chapter 3, the author proposes four variables to measure the economic growth of tourism by employing the traditional method. These variables include tourism consumption, tourism income, tourism investment and tourism export. Then, the author reviews the history of tourism economic growth in China by using historical data and generalizes basic features of tourism economy growth in China. At the end of this chapter, by putting the tourism industry under national economy series, the author calculates the proportion of tourism income in the national economy and draws a horizontal comparison between tourism industry and information, real estate and auto industry.In chapter 4, the author conducts a quantitative study of relationship between macroeconomic variables and tourism economic growth based on the basic theory and method of econometrics. First, the relationship between tourism economic growth and GDP, per capita GDP, the level of urbanization has been analyzed; then, there is an individual study of factors which has influenced tourism consumption, tourism invest, tourism export. And under this condition, the macro-economic decision models of tourism consumption, tourism investment, tourism export has therefore been established. In chapter 5, based on the Solow Model of Neo-classical growth theory, the author estimates the contribution by labor, capital, total factor productivity (TEP) and draws a production function of tourism industry of China. Because tourism industry consists of many businesses such as hotels and travel agencies, the paper estimates production function of hotel and travel agency respectively and calculates the contribution by factor of production to hotel and travel agency. Similarly, the contribution by factor of production to provinces of China has also been estimated, and the tourism economic growth of 30 provinces has been divided into 3 categories: capital-driven, labor-driven and capital-labor driven.Chapter 6 concerns the influence on tourism economic growth by institutional change in terms of the Institutional economics theory. It is mainly focused on the institutional change of the property, the market, the income and Distribution System and the holiday reform, which has a significant influence on tourism economic growth.Chapter 7 is a summary of the whole article, and some policies are recommended correspondingly.