Policy Construction On Bohai Sea Environmental Governance

With the social economy development and the population increase of Circum-Bohai-Sea Region, the marine resources and the marine environment of Bohai Sea has been seriously damaged. The present eco-environment of Bohai Sea has become an important factor to restrict the. sustainable development of Circum-Bohai-Sea Region. It has aroused extensive concern in central and local government at different levels and all social circles. Enhancing the protection and construction of Bohai Sea, eco-environment is necessary to the improvement of the sea water, bio-diversity conservation, regional environmental carrying capacity and the cultivation of new points for economic growth. The protection and construction on Bohai Sea is of great significance to the sustainable development of Circum-Bohai-Sea Region.There was a tendency on public awareness of Bohai Sea environment which considering it a technical problem, most of researches on Bohai Sea environment are limited in natural science fields and researches on social science is not adequate. With the environmental degradation of Bohai Sea, the whole society has gained. a better understanding of the issue, more and more people have realized that the Bohai Sea environmental problem is not just a technical matter, it's relating to environmental policy and process of society development, even has something to do with people's behavior patterns. This trend accelerates the policy construction process of Bohai Sea environmental governance.This article constructed Bohai Sea environmental problem in both theories research and governmental practice. Academically, it takes natural and social science fields as the base, by analyzing the present situation of Bohai Sea pollution, it goes in line with the principles of "From Hilltop to Oceans", Tracing sea pollution back to the hilltop, surveying natural and social reasons which lead to the aggravating Bohai Sea environment in recent years, indicating the particular social cause. In government terms, it assesses main plans of Bohai Sea environment governance, focusing on the practicing and achievement of Bohai Sea Blue Sea Action Plan and making comparison and evaluation of these policies. Based on the analysis, it constructs Bohai Sea environmental governance policy regime:conflict and coordination between environmental benefit-related members. There are different conflicting interests inside government, between government and enterprises, government and the public, to protect the Bohai Sea environment; it is far from enough to rely on government exclusively. Not only does the improvement of Bohai Sea environment depend on investments and guide of the government alone, but also on technological innovation and social responsibility of enterprises, green ideas and environmental action of the public. Protecting environment of Bohai Sea in a manner compatible with sustained development is a shared responsibility of the three sides. Once they established a good partnership, searching for overall interests instead of considering only interest of their own group, the result will be a good deal for them, combining the economic returns with social effects and environmental benefits.We find the situation of Bohai Sea is the more governance,the more pollution and it is rooted in the ambiguous orientation of regional development targets.This article propose that the target of Bohai Sea governace should be Eco-Mordernization.The theory of Eco-Modernization makes a balance on values of green market economy and governance, its theoretical framework has been applied in different empirical study and accepted by western countries as an analytical tool and guide theory for solving environmental problems. Eco-Modernization has gradually become a leading theory in the process of understanding and interpreting the way modern industrial society deal with environmental crisis. It constructs a framework for cooperation----the government, enterprises and the public all emphasis on long-term interests and general interests in this framework. They turn environmental protection into a new driving force of economic growth. Therefore the theory is applicable to Bohai Sea environmental problem China faced. Taking eco-Modernization as guiding principle of policy construction of Bohai Sea environmental governance, we should fully recognize that the environment improvement of Bohai Sea, a regional ocean with unique physical characters, requires efforts of government, enterprises and the public, requires an effective organization system of overall planning about prevention and control of regional ocean environmental pollution. The environment improvement of Bohai Sea should be based on the mutual relationship of land and ocean environment but not limited to the boundaries of three provinces and one city in Circum-Bohai-Sea Region, The whole society should seek the solution of pollution from a wider geographical spread, implement the plan of eliminating behavior of ecology destruction and environment pollution in exploitation and construction of Marine Economy throughout the whole process control, particularly solve the environmental problem from hill-top. All industries and departments should make good use of Eco-Modernization and carry out its constractive principle in every step. These principle can be summarized as Reform and Opening up, High Efficiency, Resource Saving, Environment-friendly, Social Justice, Sustainable Development, Sea and land overall planning----simultaneously implementing river and ocean pollution control, build effective corporate governance mechanism.