Study On The Sustainable Land Use In Three Gorges Reservoir Area Based On Niche Theory

Three gorges reservoir area is located the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, where has strong human operation, serious soil and water loss, lagging financial condition and fragile mountain ecosystem. With the water line rise to 175m, more farmland will be submerged, more residents will be relocated, and ecological stress will be increasingly raised. The reservoir area must choose a growth model of respecting for nature and improving land use efficiency instead of traditional pattern due to its special and strategic region. Therefore, this article analyses the current land use issues, constraints and discusses effective measures promoting sustainable land use.In this paper, based on a clear understanding of land use status of Three gorges reservoir area, making the reference to sustainable land use and niche theories, from the three aspects of the economic, social, ecological dimensions, it chooses 17 indicators to build evaluating indicator system of sustainable land use niche, and determines the weight of every indicator through entropy method. The study takes Wushan, a representative county, as an example, explores sustainable land use during 2003-2008 using niche model. During the study period, social dimension niche has been declining, from 0.7589 of 2003 to 0.1854 of 2008, a decrease of 0.5735. However, economic and environmental dimension niche have been arising. One is from 0.1032 of 2003 to 0.5054 of 2008; an increase of 0.4033, the other is from 0.1379 to 0.3092, an increase of 0.1713. From the growth rate, the economic niche is the fastest, followed by environmental niche. Beginning of the study, three-dimensional niche are unbalanced, which society is dominant, and they are more becoming harmonious in later period. As poverty-stricken counties, driving force is macro-control policies by government. Undoubtedly, social progress depends on counterpart assistance in the initial construction, and gradually relies on resources and funds superiority, which is a sustainable road like that from blood transfusion to hematopoietic way.Wushan county's 17 selected elements are analyzed, the results show that large amplitude elements, such as school number, highway mileage, engel coefficient, household savings and income, per capita green area of public places, green coverage ratio are strong influence factors, and the elements of treatment rate of industrial effluents, waste volume, local fiscal expenditure, fixed asset investment are weak factors. In the Three gorges reservoir area, it can clearly be seen that universal restraints are higher population growth rate, lower quality, insufficient green awareness, lacking of industry driven and so on. Based on studies and actual situation, for relieving man-land relationship, consequently, this paper brings forward the following suggestions:strengthening education to enhance quality, improving land overall efficiency with farmland, water and soil conservation, expanding characteristic agricultural and ecotourism economy on the premise of environmental friendly way.