On The Distribution System Of Colleges And Universities Since Reform And Opening

With the rapid development of society, economy, science and technology, colleges and universities have aroused wide concerns of the nation and the whole society due to the particularity of bearing functions, and the research on its distribution system has also drawn academia's attention.The formation and development of the distribution system in colleges and universities have gone through four stages:the first stage is the period from 1978 to 1992. During this period, colleges and universities had no autonomy in the wage distribution and carried out the unified national wage system, although allowance system has been established before 1985 and the reward salary items have been set up in the structure salary system. The second stage, from 1993 to 1998, was the first time for colleges and universities to enroll in making decision on the wage distribution. During this period, colleges and universities execute the national institution post-ranking salary system. In colleges and universities, regular wage constitutes of post-ranking salary and allowance. Post-ranking salary was paid according to the unified national standards, while the allowance, which accounts for 30% of the total, could be influenced and decided by colleges and universities, with complete appropriations, within the policy framework. The third stage is from 1999. Seizing the opportunities of deepening the reform of management system based on the national policy adjustment, colleges and universities have duly set up the internal allowance distribution system within the law. The establishment of the internal assignment system has broken thoroughly the pattern of carrying out the unified national system and formed the dual wage distribution pattern. The new reform on the wage system not only enables colleges and universities to have the decision-making power to distribute but also invigorates new vitality to them and provided government with the valuable experience for the reform on the wage system. The last stage is from 2006 till now. During this stage, nation implemented the reform on the performance pay system and established the performance pay. The establishment of it achieves the macroscopic unification on the wage distribution system in colleges and universities all over the country. At the same time, colleges and universities also obtain the highly autonomy on the distribution of merit pay. General speaking, the management privileges of colleges and universities on the wage system is strengthening increasingly year by year.Based on mainly the vicissitude and development of the wage system in the different historical period, this article tries to study on the background and contents of the wage distribution system, comparing and analyzing the features, positive meanings and exiting problems in all previous reforms. And this paper also discusses the relationships between the reform on the college wage system and national politics, economy, and culture as well as its value in reforming the national wage system.