The Optimum Study Of Intergovernmental Fiscal's Transfer Payment Model Divided Under Main Functional Areas

The fifth Plenum of the 17th Communist Party of China Central Committee and National "Eleventh Five-Year Plan " proposed the strategic task of promoting the formation of the main functional areas .Clearly stated that we should"based on the bearing capacity of Resources and environment, Existing development density and development potential, Give overall consideration to the population distribution in Future, Economic Distribution, Land use and the Pattern of urbanization. The land space is divided into four main functional areas, which are optimized development, key development, restricted development and prohibited development. According to the main function to adjust and improve the regional policy and performance evaluation, regulate space development order, and form a rational structure of space development ".In 2010, the CPC Central Committee's" Twelfth Five-Year" plan recommends that: "In accordance with the requirements of rational distribution of the national economy, we should regulate the development order, take the control of development intensity, forming the efficient, coordination and sustainable pattern of land space development. For the density of population, high strength of development, overloading of resources and the environment of some urbanized areas should be primal development. And should Focus develop on some urbanized areas which own stronger environment carrying capacity, better gathering demographic and economic conditions. For some affecting the overall ecological safety key ecological function areas, we should limit the large-scale, high intensity of industrialization and urbanization development. For various types of cultural resource protection areas and other needed special protection areas should be prohibited to develop. " On June 12th 2010, the premier Wen JiaBao held the state of affairs'meeting , reviewing and principles thoroughpin the plan of the state's main functional areas, at the national level ,The land space is divided into four main functional areas, which are optimized development, key development, restricted development and prohibited development. Clearing their perspective range, development goals, development direction and development principles We can say that to promote the formation of functional areas is not only a major movement to implement the scientific concept of development, urban and rural development, regional development, the harmonious development of human and nature, , but also related to the overall economic and social development and the Chinese nation's long-term development.Our current model of intergovernmental transfers is gradually formed after the tax system reform in 1994,.and In 1995 China issued a "transitional transfer payment", which makes the intergovernmental transfer system forward into a big step in a standardized and scientific way .we can say that the existing system is a mixture which is in old and the new financial system of various of transfer payment, the existing system on the one hand play a positive role, on the other hand, there are still many deficiencies, and this reflecting the characteristics of China's gradual reforms. The focus of this paper is on the background of the Government's Construction of the main functional areas, Intergovernmental Transfer payment system of optimization model, which is divided into four parts. The first part is analyzing the basic content of intergovernmental transfers'model. From a global point of view, there are three modes of the main intergovernmental transfers, which are portrait mode, landscape mode, and crises-cross pattern. Each country accorded to its distribution of financial resources and the need of achieving financial balance goals, to determine the different modes of transfer payments, at the same time, the mode of transfer used in the means of payment is not the same. The second part lists the current situation and problems of our government's transfer payments. China's current system of intergovernmental transfers is evolved from the "grade lump sum" system of transfer payment system, which own strong Chinese characteristics. It owns a unique two-way flow of funds, and there is no real sense of lateral transfers. The third part describes the mode of transfer payments of every government. As different world historical background, political and economic systems and different levels of economic development, countries also adopted the different intergovernmental transfer mode. Most Western countries have established a relatively complete model of intergovernmental transfers; of course it has positive significance to study it. For the establishment of the intergovernmental transfer mode f which has China's characteristics. The fourth part is the core of this paper which proposed the basic ideas, proposed the improvement and optimization model of intergovernmental transfers. At this stage, Reference to the International best practice, combined with China's national conditions, we should choose transfer payment mainly vertical, horizontal transfers, supplemented by transfer payments to crises-cross pattern. This is adapted to the target of our government's transfer payments. This part has been modified and supplemented the existing system of intergovernmental transfers, and proposed specific programs of lateral transfers, accompanied by relevant supporting reform.