An Analysis On The Contribution Behavior In The Process Of Public Goods Voluntary Provision

In the classical public goods theory, it is suggested that "free rider" will make the public good's voluntary provision impossible. But, in the real world, we can see a lot of people make charity giving to nonprofit organizations. How can we explain the phenomenon? Is only the altruism making people giving? What make egoist contribution? Which factors influence people giving? Comparing with developed country, Chinese donations is small, which measurers should we take to increase Chinese donations.In the paper, we use the consumer behavior theory to analysis the charity giving in the public good's voluntary provision procedure. Giving is viewed as a special goods, whether consumer it is the result of the cost-benefit analyzing. What make altruists giving is the nonprofit organizations output which can improve others wealthy, and what make egoist giving is the private benefit from contribution, such as the reward ,the prestige , the chance to communicate with social elite , the inner satisfaction from contribution. Further more, we introduce the social norms and rules, other donators contribution, individual difference into the analysis. We also use the experimental economics to analysis the problem. In summarize, we divide the factors that influence charity giving into three groups: macroscopical factors, middle-level factors, microcosmic factors. The macroscopical factors include tax deduction of giving, the social traditions to charity giving, social norms and rules. The middle-level factors include the quantity and quality of nonprofit organization output, the fundraising strategy of nonprofit organization. The microcosmic factors include donator income, education level, and family background. In these factors, some factors, such as tax deduction of giving, the quantity and quality of nonprofit organization output, the fundraising strategy of nonprofit organization, are controlled and others are not.We compare the controlling factors with China reality to research the measures improving Chinese donations. These measures can be divided into two groups: the tax incentive and the nonprofit organization measures. In the process of voluntary provision, there are two important steps: individual making donations to nonprofit organization, the nonprofit organization providing public goods. The tax incentive is working on the two steps. So it can be divided into two groups: the tax incentive to make individual giving, the tax incentive to optimize nonprofit organization's output.In the process of researching the nonprofit organization measures taken to attract...