Study On Risks Of Supply Chain Partnerships

Since the 1990s, facing the globalization of economy, the individuation of user's demand, intensification of the competition, enterprise's supply chain strategy has arisen under this new environment, supply chain management has become the advanced management pattern which the international enterprise mostly uses. But at the same time that supply chain brings the economic efficiency, which also brings the great danger to the enterprise. because supply chain itself is a complex system, the operation environment can not be forecasted, the system itself has complexity, there are many uncertain objective factors etc. Particularly among the member of supply chain, each of collaborators is an independent economic subject, they have own economic pursue, therefore during the cooperation process between partners, it can bring the conflict of the goal, the agreement, the culture and produce the risks of the external environment and the ability etc. These bring many uncertainty for enterprise's management, which seriously has affected the supply chain efficiency, can not make the supply chain partnerships to develop for the health direction.This article provides the study on risks questions of supply chain partnerships just under this kind of background, provides the powerful basis for the enterprise's decision-making, reasonably carried on guards against and avoidance of the risk which faces, guarantees supply chain smoothly to carry on.At first the author analyzes the present situation of the supply chain partnership and existent questions of our country supply chain enterprise in cooperation relation. The Stanford University industry and project management Professor W arren Hausman believes that: if you want to defeat the competitor. What to compete is who is able to cooperate with the supplier tacitly, Puts the product to the market efficiently . If you want to enable the entire supply chain competitive, between enterprises on supply chain has to form the good partnerships, no other than you had has established the good partnership, could cause the supply chain to operate corresponding and effectively.Then, the author illustrates the supply chain partnership and risks. The supply chain partnerships (SCP), Maloni M J etc thought that: supply chain partnership, also is called the strategic alliance, is referred to one kind of relations of supply chain between two independent entities, which is formed for the gain specific goal and the benefit. Domestic Ma Shihua believed that: the supplier -manufacturer (Supplier-Manufacturer) relation, or is called the seller/supplier - customer (Vendor/Supplier-Buyer) relation, the supplier relation (Supplier Partnership). The supply chain partnership has manifested the resources integration and the optimized thoughts inside and outside of the enterprise, even emphasized the management way and the strategy that is based on the time and on the value, even emphasized cooperation and trusts, emphasizes the together development of the new product/technology, exchange of the data and the information as well as sharing of market opportunity and the risk altogether take on. The risk management of supply chain partnership is on the stage division foundation of the project risk management, integrated concrete characteristic of the supply chain partnerships, the concrete process of risk management of the chain partner is : The risks recognition -> risks analysis-> risks assessment -> risks avoidance.Depending on the rationale basis once more, risks discrimination of supply chain partnerships, main body of the supply chain risk partnership management, Before each kind of risk occurs we even utilize each kind of method s systematically to know each kind of risks as well as analyze latent reason that risks occur. It includes two processes ,one is the risk recognition and the other is risk analysis .The risk recognition is referred that through investigation and analysis we distinguish risk existence of the supply chain cooperation relations ,take use of each recognition method according to the special details ,for example: The risk questionnaire, SWOT analytic method, the loss count the record analytic method etc; The risk analysis is made through the risk classification, grasps reason and condition that the risk produce of the supply chain partners , as well as the risk's nature and the origin, discover the latent risk that the supply chain partnership faces, and lay the solid foundation for reasonably avoiding the risk and the risk assessment . Then the author discusses risks assessments question of supply chain partnership. tries to establish risk factor fuzzy comprehensive assessment model which is to be possible to operate, examines the practicality and operational of this model with the actual enterprise's case.In the risks assessment practice, there are the risk degrees of many matters in supply chain partnerships system may not be able to be the precisely depicted, for instance: we often can not simply limit the possibility on the supply chain with the numeral each pitch point enterprise to match delivers. There is not the precise definition judgments criterion, the fuzzy collection is reflecting this kind "other also this also" fuzziness, how to make blur phenomenon quantitative? The fuzzy mathematics appearance solves this problem well, this article carried on the fuzzy synthesis appraisal analysis through the risk factors, made certain the probability and risk harm that occurred , and calculated the risk rank value of the supply chain partnerships. Looked from this stratification lay that, the risk factor fuzzy comprehensive assessment measure can fully reflect the risk degree of various factors, relocates the high risk according to that is advantageous to the enterprise, makes the enterprise leader to pay great attention to the risk surveillance in the daily risk management, and takes preventive measure to perform to avoid .It can guarantee good operation the partnerships on the entire supply chain and enhance each partner enterprise's core competitive ability on the supply chain, gradually forms the strategy partnerships, reduces the risk of the supply chain partnerships.Finally, makes illustration on the risks avoidance of supply chain partnerships. On the one hand should consider that risk avoidance should not be supposed to create the barrier and the influence to the entire supply chain operation; On the other hand also should consider the whole of the risk guard function . Concrete measure as follows: The cooperation risk avoidance - the cultivate long-time trust relations ;Dynamic contract control; Establishes the effective drive and the benefit assignment mechanism; Constructs a harmonious project team, thorough cultural fusion. The performances risk guard and avoidance-to enhance supply chain partner enterprise's market plan and the forecast ability, earnestly carries on the profession environment analysis and the external environment analysis they faces, the accurate grasp of expense demand, promptly understands the market, simultaneously is familiar with each legal laws and regulations. The ability risk guard and avoidance- choice supply chain partner sencitificly ,uses all kind of method like level analytic method etc. Strengthens anti- risk ability of the member enterprise.