Research On The Standard Of Changchun Government Procurement Oriented By Self-directed Innovation

Government Procurement System is a fundamental system in the carrying out of public expenditures in market economy countries. Government Procurement System is not only an important means to the reinforcement of governmental management of financial expenditures, but also one of the effective tools of government's promoting technological innovation.During the science conference in 2006, Central Committee formally put forward the strategic decision that by the year 2010, China should have ranked among the innovation-oriented countries in the world. Balancing the whole picture, looking around the whole world and considering about the future, the Central Committee and the National Congress of China made the above-mentioned influential strategic decision. In this decision, the state proposes that the establishment of innovation-oriented government procurement should aim at creating and spurring the environment for self-innovation and putting enterprises onto a leading position in technological innovation. The Government of Changchun City is left behind and immature in this aspect. This is especially true in terms of affiliating enterprise self-innovation in which the government is still at a beginning stage of recognition of theoretical research.There is much positive practical significance laying in the study of the standard of Changchun's innovation-oriented government procurement. To begin with, it's conducive to the improvement of the procurement system of the Government of Changchun City so as to implement the self-innovation policy of the country in a better way. Secondly, it is conducive to the enhancement of Changchun's innovative ability. Thirdly, it is conducive to the intensifying the initiatives of Changchun enterprises. Based on such points, this paper emphasizes the scientific value of the assessment of self-innovation and solve the complicated social economic issue of innovation-oriented government purchase by means of a new scientific theory, i.e. the complexity theory on the basis of the theory of government procure and self-reliant innovation.This dissertation introduces the relevant theories of innovation-oriented government procurement and the theories and methods adopted by Government of Changchun City in settling its standards of procurement at the very beginning. Then it points out the reference points of Changchun Government from other countries in purchasing. At last, it puts forward the logic frame and structural arrangement of project research.Then the paper introduces the mode of governmental purchasing and the identifying standardized factors of innovation-oriented governmental purchasing. The traditional governmental procuring modes mainly include centralized procurement, independent procurement and mixed procurement. While the innovation-oriented procurement modes are classified as preferential procurement, first procurement and procurement and beforehand subscription. Different purchasing modes require different procurement standards. During the research process of this dissertation, it is found that there won't be any projects suitable for first purchasing and beforehand subscription in Changchun within a short period of time. Thus, this paper takes the governmental procurement standards under the mode of preferential procurement as the main issue and analyzes the factors influencing the setting of governmental procurement standards under such a mode. It also identifies the two key elements of technological contents of products and the innovative capacity of the enterprise out of many other influencing factors. Due to the fact that other factors are not very influential in enhancing the regional innovation ability, the emphasis of this paper lays in the study of the standards of the technological content and the standards of the suppliers'innovative capacity.Again, this paper studies the assessing-index system of enterprises'innovative capacity and the evaluation system of the scientific content of products. Taking the Analyzing Report of Chinese Enterprises'Innovative Capacity as the fundamental reference, considering about the characteristics of Changchun enterprises, this paper establishes an assessing-index system of enterprises'innovative capacity according to certain principles. It also systemically designs the evaluation system of the scientific content of products on the basis of several relevant reference studies. Moreover, it uses the AHP method to work out how much each index weighs so as to build a model for the assessment, and hence establish the evaluative model of enterprises'innovative capacity and technological content of products. After that, questionnaires are designed according to the innovative capacity and the technological content of products. Researches concerning enterprises within the procurement area are carried our, after which data from those valid questionnaires is assessed. According such data, the enterprises'innovative capacity and technological content of products are evaluated. Then, the enterprises'innovative capacity and technological content of products of the four sample enterprises in the field of purchasing are calculated respectively according to evaluation model.Finally, the paper formulates the standard of innovation-oriented governmental procurement. Due to the fact that different lines of business are of a variety of degree in terms of innovation and that the number of reach applying suppliers upon each governmental purchase is unpredictable, we classify the standard of governmental procurement into two levels i.e., low standard and high standard so that the government can adopt a flexible policy according to the number of the supplier. Low standard is the lowest threshold for the innovation-oriented purchase objects of government. It is the stipulated index which should at least be reached by enterprises in terms of innovative capacity and technological content of products. We also term the low standard as the single standard. High standard is the standard on reaching which both the technological content and self-reliant innovation meet the stipulated index and hence purchasing objects come into being. We also term it as the compound standard. The method of formulating such standard is like this: first, classify the enterprises of each line of business according to the scientific and technological content of the product by means of fast clustering analysis. By using the software SPSS, we categorize the enterprises into 5 classes, namely, high, relatively high, moderate, relatively low, low and calculate the average value of each category. According to the principle of Pareto Law, the proportion of enterprises with a high technological content of products will be around 20% among the entire enterprises. The proportion of enterprises with a relatively high technological content of products or a relatively high capacity of innovation is around 20% of the entire enterprises also. Thus, the standard that we stipulated should make around 20% of the suppliers the procurement objects. Hence, we should choose the average value of one category out of the five categories which meets the Pareto Law best as the standard of product scientific and technological content. By the same means, we formulate the standard and compound standard for the innovation capacity of enterprises. Generally speaking, on occasions where the whole line of business is not high in terms of innovation capacity or where there is a scarcity of supplier enterprises, we adopt the standard of scientific and technological content. Whereupon the scientific and technological content of products of the entire line of business is low or there are few suppliers, we adopt the standard of self-reliant innovation. When the scientific and technological content of products and innovation capacity are both of a high degree or when there are sufficient suppliers, we adopt the compound standard when choosing the procurement objects.