Research On Inequality And Polarization Of Urbanization Development In Chongqing

Recently, there is an agreement on progressing urbanization to solve the problem of rural economic and society and farmer. Urbanization development will be one of normal grow-up of national economic development. And there are more and more researches on urbanization, and more deeply, but there are fewer research on region inequality of urbanization development. Most of urbanization researches explain the change of urbanization by rate of urban population, and rate of urbanization can only tell how many people from country to cities, without the essential of urbanization development. So this paper employs the conception of region inequality and region ploralization on urbanization analysis, and estimate the value of urbanization by all analysis and indexes of inequality and polarilization.This paper set 40 districts and counties of Chongqing as research subjects, and urban per capita GDP of each district and county of Chongqing during 1996-2004 as basic data. Gini index and GE index both explain that the inequality of urbanization development of Chongqing holds the line during 1996-2000, and the inequality of urbanization development of Chongqing declines during 2000-2004. This paper will do a further study on urbanization development of Chongqing during 2000-2004 in order to find out its resons for declining.Essentially, polarization is that inequality is divided to"poor"and"rich"two directions, and is an economic distributed aggregation inside the region. Modified Kanbur-Zhang index as primary index of Chongqing urbanization development polarization analysis comes form GE index, and is inequality between region groups in the proportion of total inequality that is GE value. The biggest feature of Modified Kanbur-Zhang index is the introduction of the regional geographical grouping standards.And each geographical grouping standard representes each factor impacting Chongqing urbanization development. This paper has confirmed three factors including belong to eastern or western Chongqing, belong to Three Gorges Reservoir Area or not and total fixed asset investment of each each district and county of Chongqing. Each factor have divided two region groups, and find out Modified Kanbur-Zhang index value. The measure result shows that most of time during 2000 to 2004 is declining, presenting"anti-polarization", which is similar with the inequality analysis. Besides, Modified Kanbur-Zhang index show a irregular change of another time during 2000 to 2004, because of some random factores. But Kanbur-Zhang index show that polarization appears after 2003 because of hollow of industry in Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Fortunately, the trend of polarization was controlled by government. In conclusion, the whole regional urbanization progress situation per county in Chongqing is good, which will be provided as a well reference to make-decision.