A Study On The Household Contract Responsibility System

The party's basic rural economic system is the household contract responsibility system. In this these, we would like to understand its meaning via three aspects of contracting, contract responsibility system and the household contract responsibility system ,then recalled its course of development. By analyzing the status quo of the household contract responsibility system, we recognized that the early stages of its implementation greatly promoted the development of productive forces in the rural areas, however, with the development of productive forces, especially in today, our rural areas are confronted with some problems: the slow development of agriculture,farmers having difficulty increasing income,the ever-widening gap between urban and rural areas. Concerning solving such problems, different experts and scholars have different solutions: Some scholars believe that the household contract responsibility system was lagging behind the production of small farmers, and has not adapted to China's current level of development of productive forces in rural areas, thus it will hinder the development of the rural productive forces in our country, which resulted in the slow development of China's agriculture,the irrational agriculture structures,the serious land fragmentation, and is becoming the obstacles of the system of transfer of land, and not conducive to the further development of the rural economy. Repeated investment in agriculture and serious waste of resources resulted in the increase in cost of agricultural inputs. Insufficient investment in agriculture had a negative impact on the promotion of agricultural science and technology, and greatly limited the increase of agricultural productivity and the commercial rate of agricultural products, then caused farmers to have difficulty increasing income, and urban-rural gap is widening, and so on. Therefore, we should abandon the household contract responsibility system, and it is necessary to seek for new operating systems. Some think we should adopt the policy of rural land privatization, while others think the rural land should be nationalized. It was also suggested that the household contract responsibility system still adapt to rural development of the productive forces, and we have to adhere to this basic system. Based on above analysis, we draw a conclusion that rural land privatization is not desirable, because land privatization can not promote the development of the rural economy and can not boost the transfer of land, fails to achieve the exterior profits. The privatization of agricultural land is very difficult to implement, and such process will lead to serious effects on the policies implemented in rural areas. At the same time, the nationalization of land is also undesirable because nationalization of rural land can not adapt to the development of the productive forces in the rural areas, and it is not feasible, and can not achieve the goal of the so-called scale operation.We believe that the current right choice, in general, is to not only stabilize the household contract responsibility system, but also require constant innovation in the basic operating system by improving the transfer of land use rights,gradually expanding the family-run areas of the land,further improving the household contract responsibility system two-level operating system and coordinating the economic and social development between urban and rural. Firstly, we should perfect the circulation system of land contract right,gradually expand the land area of family management and enlarge the rural enterprises and production services and so on to develop collective economy. It is necessary to develop the cross system of ownership,the union and the cooperation of trans-regional multiform which adapted to the production and market needs. The farmers use many and varied stock forms of cooperation to establish the economic entity, which is a new thing and should be supported positively,guided correctly and consummated gradually. We should let credit community and the supply and marketing community become farmer's cooperative economy organizations. At present, many and various stock cooperative economy cooperation appear in the urban and rural areas, which arose in the process of reform and should be supported and guided positively, and we should lead it to develop gradually by adopting effective measures. Especially, such collective economy that is based on worker's labor union and worker's capital union needs to be advocated and encouraged. We should further perfect the family joint production contract management system on the condition of being legal,voluntary, and paid, and guide the farmer land employment right and the right of management to circulate reasonably, along with seeking for the methods of land large-scale management, and guide the agriculture to develop into the model of industrial production management. Secondly, we should further perfect family joint production contract management system of two-tier management system by strengthening the structure construction of agriculture socialization servicess supplying the informations science and technology and so on various services for the fanners in the three processes of the production of agricultures advancing the agriculture industrial production, along with determining the leading industry of agriculture according to the resources of local areas in order to improve the efficiency of economy running by taking the market as the guidance. Thirdly, we should harmonize the development, such as economy,civilization in the urban and rural areas .Such important thoughts were put forward according to the problems our country was confronted with in the process of development, which were useful for solving the problems arose in the development of rural areas, and they were significant strategies for building a well- being society ,and they will surely create an environment for our country current land system's transformation. In order to make reform in the system of registered permanent residence, we should reform the present policy of "different policies in urban and rural areas, a country, two plans," and we should further reduce the admittance condition of the urban registered permanent residence,let the farmers transfer freely and guide the agriculture develop more rapidly ,which is one kind of weak industries and influenced heavily by the markets and the natural resources. As it's production method transformation can be effected easily by some objective factors, then becomes stagnated, therefore it needs government's support. For the sake of perfecting the system of the rural community safeguards, the central government should continue to adjust finance's disbursement structures enhance the proportion of the social security expenditure gradually in the expenditure ,which should be mainly used in the rural areas by all levels of government.Only in this way can we maintain the stability of the rural areas, promote rural economic and social development, and the modernization of the rural areas can be achieved. Stabilizing the household contract responsibility system and reforming this basic economic system in agriculture is the optimal choice in our current system of agricultural operations.