Study On The Formation Process Of The Household Contract Responsibility System After The Reform And Opening-up

As a basic economic system in rural China, the Household Contract Responsibility System is the first step in the progress of the reform and opening-up, and provides a good institutional environment for the recovery and steady development of Chinese agriculture, thereby providing a solid agricultural foundation for the reform and opening-up, which has brought a rapidly enhance to the national strength of China. In the new situation of conducting comprehensive and deepening reform, it has an important practical significance to review and summarize the formation process of the Household Contract Responsibility System in the early period of the reform and opening-up.In the early period of the reform and opening-up, a series of positive reform such as the personnel rehabilitation, the ideological emancipation and the open policy provide a possibility to the birth of the Household Contract Responsibility System. Under the influence of multiple factors such as economy, history and policy, farmers in Xiaogang Village made a preliminary reform and got remarkable results through their efforts.During the development of the Household Contract Responsibility System, the public opinion were divided, some people fight against this institution, while the others stood by it. Such divergence also exists in the Party and government, opponents argued to proceeding development on the people's commune system, while the proponents appreciated the farmer's brave reform.Controversy in the Party and the Chinese government brought a change in policy and provided development space to agricultural reform. In the same time, it also made a limitation to the agricultural development due to the deficiency of transform. The transformation in the Central Agricultural policy provided the foundation to support and promote the Household Contract Responsibility System in some local government, which brought a remarkable achievement to the development of local agriculture.During the agricultural development, the Household Contract Responsibility System won an extensive assistance in the field of public opinion and brought an enormous impact. At last, the Party Central Committee recognized the legal status of the Household Contract Responsibility System in the form of the Party Central Committee document. Since then, Chinese agriculture has made a rapid development. This marks the succeed of the Household Contract Responsibility System in rural China, and lay a good foundation for future comprehensive reform.It gives us a profound enlightenment during reviewing the formation process of the Household Contract Responsibility System. System design should ensure the fundamental rights and freedoms of people and insist on the people-oriented. Practices and facts is the basis and measurement of institution. Directors should respect the people's pioneering spirit, for the propulsion of system innovation often comes from the private sector. Directors should convince people by objective facts instead of force, and should allow the wait and see method before they are persuaded. Politics should be diversity instead of autocratic.