| China's economic development is entering a critical period of adjustment in 21st century. Energy is the completion of a comprehensive Chinese building a well-off society and the third strategic goal, implementation 21st century economic and social sustainable development, an important material foundation. Energy are all kinds of energy can produce various kinds of natural data collectively, human survival and development of industry, agriculture, national defense, science and technology, improving people's living standards necessary for fuel and power. With the social production and development of science and technology, mankind gradually expanded the scope of use of energy. Throughout history, human society, energy has gone through three periods: a vegetation fuel, water, animal-based energy period; to the coal-dominated energy period; to oil, natural gas-based energy period. At present, the world is in the oil and natural gas-based energy period.Energy security mainly refers to oil and gas transportation safety and supply security. If there is no energy security, there will be no economic security, same would not have political security, energy security is national security, the precondition and foundation. Therefore, the energy security problem for a country is not only an economic issue, but also a political issue, necessary from a strategic level on high priority, and to take strategic measures to protect national energy security. This article first analyzes the status quo of China's energy safety. China's energy security dilemma .China from the 20th century 90's has been a net importer of oil, and with China's rapid economic development, China's energy security, the plight of more and more prominent. At present, China's energy profile is that the coal supply in 2000 China's energy production accounted for 69 percent; followed by oil, accounting for 25 percent; natural gas accounted for 3%; nuclear power and hydropower accounted for around 2%. Because China has abundant coal resources, coal is still so important Chinese energy, but with China's rapid economic development, oil and gas in some areas are irreplaceable. China's energy supply needs and the reality gap: 1, less than China's domestic energy production; 2, China's energy demand. China's energy transportation security threats: 1, the impact of safety factors in the Strait of Malacca; 2, the Malacca Strait to China's energy safety constraints. China's energy supply vulnerable: 1, the Middle East oil resources are limited, fierce; 2, the Middle East political instability.Through concrete analysis of the data, as well as China's energy transport and supply on the status quo, we can see that China's energy security is very hidden, how can out of crisis and to ensure safety? From long-term strategic perspective, the construction of the new Eurasian Continental Bridge, the Chinese found a breakthrough in energy security. The plight of China's energy security, China must be forced towards the direction of diversification of energy supply development, and to look for more secure energy transportation routes. In the energy more and more intense competition for today, select their own national conditions suitable energy strategy is imperative that the new Eurasian Continental Bridge is to ensure China's energy security in a long-term strategic choice.Continental Bridge refers to the transcontinental railroad as a bridge to rail at both ends of the harbor as a bridgehead for the transport corridors. Continental Bridge is the main railway transport as the main body to the container for the media, and shipping, highways, aviation, river, pipeline and other modes of transport combined across the continental mainland, the implementation of land and sea phase of the new modes of transport. New Eurasian Continental Bridge is the East West Bank from the Pacific port of Lianyungang, eastern China, west to the Atlantic east coast of the Netherlands Rotterdam, Antwerp, Belgium and other ports, the Trans-Asia and Europe the central zone, with a total of about 10,900 km of transport corridors. Above the western end of its Chinese from Xinjiang Alashankou change exit points into the Central Asia, China Unicom-rich Caspian Sea region oil and gas. The construction of the bridge marks the bridge economic era. New Eurasian Continental Bridge by virtue of its unique advantages, has set up between China and Russia, Central Asia, a bridge between the economic exchanges. And China's rapid economic development, while Russia and Central Asian countries because of historical reasons and other factors, the domestic economic development is unbalanced, with China's economy has complementary. China and Russia, Central Asia's economic and trade relations between the continuous development of more close contact, deepening interdependence.Ancient Greek historian Thucydides once said, "regardless of country or between individuals, between the interests of consistency is the most reliable combination." The new Eurasian continental bridge to promote China and Russia, Central Asian countries in economic exchanges, making between the parties have the same interests, interdependence has deepened, and then China and Russia, Central Asian countries to conduct energy cooperation has created opportunities for diversification of energy supply in China has provided a guarantee. Even though from the current look of China, Russia and Central Asia's energy supply is also not a substitute for the Middle East energy resources, but from the long-term strategic look, take a wide range of energy strategies, Chinese are imperative to ensure energy security selection.New Eurasian Continental Bridge to China the strategic significance of energy security can also be connected from its Caspian Sea region's strategic position on full display. Caspian region favorable geological conditions, and with the surrounding oil-rich region has a certain degree of similarity, and its energy development has great potential. The resources of the Caspian Sea region after the Middle East and Siberia, is the world's third largest oil storage area, known as "the energy of the New World." Look from the distribution of resources, oil is mainly distributed in Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan, accounted for about 61% ~ 70% of proven oil reserves but mainly concentrated in Russia, Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan, accounting for 90%. Natural gas is mainly distributed in Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan, accounted for 90%. Quality of resources, the Caspian region's oil have buried shallow, high grade, low impurity and easy development of features, belong to light crude.Sparsely populated Caspian Sea region, the low level of industrial development, the demand for energy in small, so the Caspian Sea oil and gas export potential.One of Kazakhstan's oil production 90 percent, Turkmenistan 75% of oil and gas production are for export. It is estimated that by 2010 ~ 2020, its net exports of crude oil capacity of 50,000,000 tons to 80,000,000 tons. Our country and the Central Asian countries have established good long-term relationship and the establishment of the new Eurasian Continental Bridge makes the energy exchange more convenient, so the Caspian Sea region energy security for our country is of great strategic significance.Therefore, China should get a clear understanding of the situation in the Caspian Sea region, that is, between the United States and Russia compete for, as well as the Caspian Sea region of the country's external energy policy. Giving full play to their strengths, take advantage of the new role of the Eurasian Continental Bridge, and continuously deepening and the Central Asian energy cooperation between the country to ensure that China's energy security. |
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