Comparative Analyses Between China And America About Enterprise Pension

《Trial Measures for Enterprise Pension) and《The Trial Measures for the Management of Enterprise Pension Fund) was promulgated by primary State Labor and Social Security Ministry in 2004. The two trial measures put a full end stop to enterprise supplementary pension system which had already existed for two decades, and make a start on enterprise pension system which focused on pension market. However, under six-year development, Chinese enterprise pension system still suffers with the unbalanced situations of industry, area, corporate scale, state-owned enterprise or private enterprise, which is quite far away from the design that the system becoming the second pillar of national old-age security system. How to improve the system design that making it works for enterprises, and to consummate the system that making it works effectively and fairly to raise the level of national old-age security system, is the main purpose of the study.As mentioned by the economist Davis.C. North, who states the theory and model of Institutional Change, this study would follow the method. Firstly choosing and differing the main bodies that take different but important parts in Institutional Change, enterprise is the primary action group to push enterprise pension system change; as government and unions are the secondary action group. Secondly, analyses the behavioral features of each main bodies, together with their needs motivation and supply wills. Thirdly comparing with American enterprise pension system in three parts of enterprise, government and unions respectively, to find out the advantages that would helpful to improve our system.After comparative analysing, the conclusion comes out in this way:our government would better increase the government intervention to a reasonable extent, instead of presently enterprise willingness, which means adopting a semi-compulsory method to Institutional Change, lead to a better enterprise pension system. At the same time, strengthening law enforcement is favorable, as promulgating relevant National Law would balance the working steps between government and enterprise, to increase enterprise and private people involving enthusiasm. Then, taking the advantages from American on Favorable Tax Treatment and Risk Protection: government would intensify efforts to tax preference, as well as anti-tax incentives institution, with a result that tax preference works effectively and fairly; due to the contributions determined type of enterprise pension fund accumulating funds for long time, then it is important that movement intensifies efforts to protect the risk investment of private people, this is the way risk protection works.