A Study On The Historical Evolution Of Folk Loan In China's Rural Areas

"Three rural" issue is the fundamental problem in China's construction and reform, and in the final analysis, the "three rural" issue is rural economic development issue. At the present stage, China's rural economic development's real "bottleneck" is the funding. Rural financing is the decisive force to the "bottleneck" in rural finance. Currently, China's farmers, township and village enterprises, small and medium private enterprises, etc. can not obtain sufficient financial support from the formal financial institutions. Correspondingly, the rural folk loan preached the ever-growing trend, and gradually developed into a major financial intermediation channel in rural areas, and it also be concerned by the majority of experts and scholars increasingly. The rural folk loan alleviated the shortage of funds and promoted the development of rural economic, but at the same time, it also showed some disadvantages. Therefore, how to regulate the development of rural folk loan activities, and avoid its, weaknesses, so that it can play an active role in solving the funding shortage in rural areas, promoting the development of rural economic, is an urgent and important issue to the development of rural finance problems.A society's economic system has its historical inheritance. The current rural folk loan is a continuation of the history of rural folk loan. This paper prepares to study the history and the reality, then describes the origin of rural folk loan and the development of the elaborate evolution. It also groups and sorts out the rural folk loan's characteristics of the various historical periods in an attempt to identify the root causes of emergence and development of rural folk loan. Rural folk loan derived from more than 2000 years ago, after the natural economic system in traditional agricultural society, the coexistence of natural economic system and goods economic system in process of traditional agricultural society's modernization, the planned economy era and the market economy system which was established accompany with the reform and opening-up gradually. Rural folk loan in different historical periods has different forms and shows different characteristics. The emergence and development of anything has its historical basis, and different social backgrounds will play a different role to the development of things. In this paper, the various historical periods of the evolution of the rural folk loan process should be straightened out, hoping to outline the rural folk loan's development process, in order to do some basic work for further research.The paper is divided into three parts, a total of five chapters.The first part is the first chapter, introduction. introduction briefly describes the background, purpose and significance of the topics, thesis research's ideas and methods, as well as the domestic and international rural folk loan issues research results are briefly summarized, presentations, then advances this paper's innovations and inadequate.The second part of the thesis is the chapterⅡ, chapterⅢand chapterⅣ. The main purpose of this part is to collate and analyze the evolution process of China's rural folk loan, and in different historical periods its different characteristics and the causes. The second chapter mainly describes the evolution process of China's rural folk loan, the main characteristics and the reasons of generation and development under the nature and economic system in traditional agricultural society. The third chapter mainly describes a special historical period which in the gradual disintegration of natural economy, the commodity economy and the gradual establishment of co-existence of two kinds of economic system, the evolution of the rural folk loan process, the main characteristics and the reasons for its existence and development. The fourth chapter first describes folk loan policy after the founding of the national and folk loan's process of extinction and its causes in period of the planned economy in a shorter length firstly. And then describes of rural folk loan's rise, flourish, adjustment, recovery process in period of the reform and opening up. And then elaborates the current status of folk loan in rural areas. Finally, points out that the reasons of current folk loan's existence and development.The third part of the thesis is the chapterⅤ. This part mainly describes some valuable experience or lessons to the current rural folk loan that we get after a systematic study on the evolution process of rural folk loan.In the past, study on folk loan mainly concentrated in a relatively short historical period, The paper put rural folk loan in a longer historical period to discuss, look forward to have a more systematic and comprehensive understanding about rural folk loan.