| Photonic Crystals are new-style optical materials. It was composed by permittivity with periodic structure in one,two or three dimension. Because of the characteristic theory of the Photonic Crystals, People are interested in the theoretical analyse and laboratorial research of Photonic Crystals. Presently, the photonic band gap is one of hotspot in research.The development of Photonic Crystal is introduced first, and then the author summarizes the status , applications and factures of the Photonic Crystal.The most applications of the Photonic Crystal base on the photonic band gap (PBG). One-dimensional Photonic Crystal are discussed and one-dimensional PBG's existence are directly proved by mathematical way. Finally the restrictive condition of the mathematical answer were got, that is why the one-dimensional periodic structure can make the PBG and PBG related to the permittivity contrast and the filling contrast.The plane-wave expansion method (PWE) and the time-domain finite difference method (FDTD) are used to analyse the different structures'PBG .The difference of the answers are discussed. In order to reduce the difference between the design and and the product, it's necessary to combine the two method and choose the superposition of two method's band-gap as the center band-gap.By the plane-wave expansion method, PBG's rules are found by changing the Photonic Crystal structures, permittivity and filling contrast. The permittivity and filling contrast are direct ratio to the band-gap in some rage; the nuance of the column can make the visible change of the band-gap. These properties are important to design. Photonic Crystals are realized in micro-strip. The periodic size are calculated. The different structures'S-parameter are presented and analyzed. The simulated result are good agreement in our result in chapter 4. At last, considering the stop-band range and S parameter, a five-period structure are choosed to realize and test it. The testing result agree with the calculate answer. |
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