Mountain Coal Seismic Exploration Technology And Applied Research

Due to the high topographic inequality and the medium distribution of low deceleration zone is very inhomogeneous at vertically and horizontally in mountainous areas, especially the absorption loss of seismic wave field is terrible because of the deep loess layer in the loessic mountainous areas, the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution of reflected wave field which received from the surface were reduced and the characters of wave field Kinematics and kinetics were distorted. The above effect will directly reduce the precision and the reliability of coal seismic prospecting in the areas.Under the guidance of seismic-wave theory, this paper is particularly analyzed and discussed the technology of seismic acquisition, processing, interpretation in mountainous coal seismic prospecting. And it is believed that :①adopting proper survey method such as slalom line, swath method and three-dimensional array and proper shot and receive parameter, the signal-to-noise ratio of acquired data will be heightened in the condition of wide frequency band.②using proper processing flows and techniques, for example the refraction correction of shots, the amplitude energy processing method in pre-stack wave field, the keeping amplitude 2D denoise technique, the widening frequency band method and appropriate wave field migration method, can improve the resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of initial data and correct the distortion of kinematics and kinetics in the effective wave field. ③According the geological aims and under the support of interpretative software system, choosing proper interpretative techniques, such as comprehensive velocity analysis, subtle horizon calibration, three dimensional visual interpretation, coherence cube, fracture detection, the parameter pick-up of attribute, the inversion of wave impedance and so on, can heighten the precision and the reliability of interpretation. The techniques not only can solve the geological problems of small tectonic, small fault, and the thin coal bed prediction in the coal seismic prospecting but also can provide credible survey results of the geological disasters including the collapse column and mined-out area, which possibly appear in the coal seismic prospecting.Based the analyses of multifarious method and connecting the whole process of practical 3D coal seismic prospecting in the mountainous areas, the paper proved further that as long as the chosen techniques were right we can increase the precision and the reliability of coal seismic prospecting effectively in the areas.